Assessment of the HScore as a predictor of disease outcome in patients with COVID-19

Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) accompanies hypercytokinemia, similar to secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH). We aimed to find if HScore could predict disease severity in COVID-19. HScore was calculated in hospitalized children and adult patients with a proven diagnosis of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMC pulmonary medicine 2021-10, Vol.21 (1), p.1-338, Article 338
Main Authors: Bordbar, Mohammadreza, Sanaei Dashti, Anahita, Amanati, Ali, Shorafa, Eslam, Mansoori, Yasaman, Dehghani, Seyed Javad, Molavi Vardanjani, Hossein
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Blood
Bone marrow
Consent
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Cytokine storm
Cytokines
Ethics
Histiocytosis
Hospitalization
Lymphocytosis
Measurement
Medical research
Mortality
Pain
Patients
Pediatrics
Pulmonology
SARS-coronavirus-2
Statistical analysis
The severity of illness index
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Ultrasonic imaging
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Summary:Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) accompanies hypercytokinemia, similar to secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH). We aimed to find if HScore could predict disease severity in COVID-19. HScore was calculated in hospitalized children and adult patients with a proven diagnosis of COVID-19. The need for intensive care unit (ICU), hospital length of stay (LOS), and in-hospital mortality were recorded. The median HScore was 43.0 (IQR 0.0–63.0), which was higher in those who needed ICU care (59.7, 95% CI 46.4–72.7) compared to those admitted to non-ICU medical wards (38.8, 95% CI 32.2–45.4; P  = 0.003). It was also significantly higher in patients who died of COVID-19 (105.1, 95% CI 53.7–156.5) than individuals who survived (41.5, 95% CI 35.8–47.1; P  = 0.005). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that higher HScore was associated with a higher risk of ICU admission (adjusted OR = 4.93, 95% CI 1.5–16.17, P  = 0.008). The risk of death increased by 20% for every ten units increase in HScore (adjusted OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00–1.04, P  = 0.009). Time to discharge was statistically longer in high HScore levels than low levels (HR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.24–0.69). HScore is much lower in patients with severe COVID-19 than sHLH. Higher HScore is associated with more ICU admission, more extended hospitalization, and a higher mortality rate. A modified HScore with a new cut-off seems more practical in predicting disease severity in patients with severe COVID-19.
ISSN:1471-2466
1471-2466
DOI:10.1186/s12890-021-01706-0