Genomic features and prevalence of Ruminococcus species in humans are associated with age, lifestyle, and disease

The genus Ruminococcus is dominant in the human gut, but higher levels of some species, such as R. gnavus, R. torques, and R. bromii, have been linked to health or disease. In this study, we analyzed >9,000 Ruminococcus metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) reconstructed from >5,000 subjects and...

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Published in:Cell reports (Cambridge) 2024-12, Vol.43 (12), p.115018, Article 115018
Main Authors: Valentino, Vincenzo, De Filippis, Francesca, Marotta, Roberto, Pasolli, Edoardo, Ercolini, Danilo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
CP: Microbiology
CRC
genomics
gut microbiome
IBD
lifestyle
Mediterraneibacter
metagenomics
non-Westernized diet
pangenome
Ruminococcus
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Summary:The genus Ruminococcus is dominant in the human gut, but higher levels of some species, such as R. gnavus, R. torques, and R. bromii, have been linked to health or disease. In this study, we analyzed >9,000 Ruminococcus metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) reconstructed from >5,000 subjects and revealed significant links between the prevalence of some species/subspecies and geographic origin, age, lifestyle, and disease, with subspecies prevalent in specific subpopulations showing divergent metabolic potential. Furthermore, Ruminococcus species from Lachnospiraceae encoded for carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZy) potentially involved in the metabolism of human N- and O-glycans, whereas those from Oscillospiraceae appear to be more adapted toward fiber metabolism. These new findings contribute to elucidating the potential functional role of Ruminococcus in specific lifestyles and diseases and to decipher the diversity and the adaptation of members of this genus to the human gut. [Display omitted] •Prevalence of Ruminococcus species link with health, lifestyle, and age•Ruminococcus spp. encode family- and species-specific CAZymes•Subgroups of the most relevant species have specific functional traits In this study, Valentino et al. explored the diversity of the genus Ruminococcus, highlighting associations between species/subspecies prevalence and geographic origin, lifestyle, age, and disease. Furthermore, the authors showed that Ruminococcus species from families Lachnospiraceae and Oscillospiraceae harbor distinctive carbohydrate-active enzymes and engraftment potential.
ISSN:2211-1247
2211-1247
DOI:10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115018