Graduate Student Literature Review: Developmental adaptations of immune function in calves and the influence of the intestinal microbiota in health and disease

This graduate student literature review provides an examination of the ontological adaptations of the calf's immune system and how the intestinal microbiota influences calf immune function in health and disease. Within dairy rearing systems, various nutritional and management factors have emerg...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of dairy science 2024-04, Vol.107 (4), p.2543-2555
Main Authors: Cangiano, L.R., Villot, C., Guan, L.L., Ipharraguerre, I.R., Steele, M.A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Animals, Newborn
antimicrobials
Body Fluids
Cattle
Colostrum
Female
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
gut microbiome
Humans
immune development
Immunity
Milk
mucosal immunity
Pregnancy
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Summary:This graduate student literature review provides an examination of the ontological adaptations of the calf's immune system and how the intestinal microbiota influences calf immune function in health and disease. Within dairy rearing systems, various nutritional and management factors have emerged as critical determinants of development influencing multiple physiological axes in the calf. Furthermore, we discuss how multiple pre- and postnatal maternal factors influence the trajectory of immune development in favor of establishing regulatory networks to successfully cope with the new environment, while providing early immune protection via immune passive transfer from colostrum. Additionally, our review provides insights into the current understanding of how the intestinal microbiota contributes to the development of the intestinal and systemic immune system in calves. Lastly, we address potential concerns related to the use of prophylactic antimicrobials and waste milk, specifically examining their adverse effects on intestinal health and metabolic function. By examining these factors, we aim to better understand the intricate relationship between current management practices and their long-term effect on animal health.
ISSN:0022-0302
1525-3198
DOI:10.3168/jds.2023-24195