An Updated Comprehensive Review on Vitamin A and Carotenoids in Breast Cancer: Mechanisms, Genetics, Assessment, Current Evidence, and Future Clinical Implications

Vitamin A and carotenoids are fat-soluble micronutrients that play important role as powerful antioxidants modulating oxidative stress and cancer development. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. As the risk of breast cancer is dependent on various lifestyle factors such as dietary...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2021-09, Vol.13 (9), p.3162
Main Authors: Kim, Jee Ah, Jang, Ja-Hyun, Lee, Soo-Youn
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Antioxidants
Apoptosis
Bioavailability
Breast cancer
cancer risk
cancer signaling
Carotenoids
Chemical compounds
Diet
Epidemiology
Food
Free radicals
Fruits
Genetic diversity
Genetics
Health risks
Hydrocarbons
Malignancy
Metabolism
Micronutrients
Nitrogen
Oxidative stress
Pharmacology
Retinene
retinoids
Review
Reviews
Vegetables
Vitamin A
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Summary:Vitamin A and carotenoids are fat-soluble micronutrients that play important role as powerful antioxidants modulating oxidative stress and cancer development. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. As the risk of breast cancer is dependent on various lifestyle factors such as dietary modifications, there is increasing interest surrounding the anti-cancerous properties of vitamin A and carotenoids. Despite the suggested protective roles of vitamin A and carotenoids in breast cancer development, their clinical application for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer is limited. In this narrative review, we discuss the roles of vitamin A and carotenoids along with the evaluation method of vitamin A status. We also exhibit the association of genetic variations involved in metabolism of vitamin A and carotenoids with cancers and other diseases. We demonstrate the epidemiological evidence for the relationship of vitamin A and carotenoids with breast cancer risk, their effects on cancer mechanism, and the recent updates in clinical practice of vitamin A or carotenoids as a potential therapeutic agent against breast cancer. This review provides insight into the preventive and therapeutic roles of vitamin A and carotenoids in breast cancer development and progression.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu13093162