Incomplete functional T-cell reconstitution in immunological non-responders at one year after initiation of antiretroviral therapy possibly predisposes them to infectious diseases

•Immunological non-responders (INRs) have a suboptimal CD4 rise and undetectable viral load.•A higher proportion of INRs than responders had clinically symptomatic infections.•INRs had significantly higher HIV co-pathogen-specific T-cell responses than responders.•INRs had compromised T-cell functio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of infectious diseases 2019-04, Vol.81, p.114-122
Main Authors: Shete, Ashwini, Dhayarkar, Sampada, Sangale, Shashikala, Medhe, Uttam, Panchal, Narayan, Rahane, Girish, Yelgate, Rajendra, Dhamanage, Ashwini, Gangakhedkar, Raman
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Functional T-cell reconstitution
Immunological non-responders
Innate immune parameters
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Summary:•Immunological non-responders (INRs) have a suboptimal CD4 rise and undetectable viral load.•A higher proportion of INRs than responders had clinically symptomatic infections.•INRs had significantly higher HIV co-pathogen-specific T-cell responses than responders.•INRs had compromised T-cell functionality, as assessed after anti-CD3 stimulation.•INRs had lower CD31+CD4+ cells than responders, indicating lower thymic output. Immunological non-responders (INR) represent a unique category of HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy. These patients have suppressed viremia but a suboptimal increase in CD4 cell count, which might have opposing effects on functional immune reconstitution. Hence, the extent of immune reconstitution in INR patients was investigated in order to determine their susceptibility to opportunistic infections. Twenty-three INR patients (CD4 increase
ISSN:1201-9712
1878-3511
DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2019.01.017