Nasal Carriage Rate of Staphylococcus aureus , Its Associated Factors, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern Among Health Care Workers in Public Hospitals, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia

• Published in: Infection and drug resistance 2023-01, Vol.16, p.3477-3486
• Main Authors: Wolde, Wondimagegn, Mitiku, Habtamu, Sarkar, Rajesh, Shume, Tadesse
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analysis; Diseases; Ethiopia; Health aspects; health care workers; Hospitals, Public; India; Medical personnel; Methicillin; mrsa; nasal carriage; Nepal; Original Research; Reservoirs; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus aureus infections; Tanzania; Workers
• ISSN: 1178-6973; 1178-6973
• DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S396570

is the bacteria that colonizes the nasal nares of health-care workers and serves as a reservoir for the spread of pathogen for subsequent infections, mainly Methicillin-resistant . However, there is a limited study conducted regarding this topic in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia. The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of nasal carriage of , associated factors and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among health-care workers of public hospitals in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia from May 15 to July 30, 2021. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 295 health-care workers. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the participant. Nasal swabs were collected and cultured at 35°C for 24hrs. was identified using the coagulase test and catalase test. Methicillin resistance (MRSA) was screened using a cefoxitin disc on Muller Hinton agar using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Data were entered into EPI-Info version-7 and transferred to SPSS-20 for analysis. Factors associated with nasal carriage of were determined by using chi-square analysis. A -value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The prevalence of in this study was 15.6% (95% CI: 11.7%, 20.3%) and methicillin-resistant was 11.2% (95% CI: 7.8%, 15.4%), respectively. Age (P < 0.001), work experience (p < 0.001), working unit (p < 0.02), antibiotic use within 3 months (p < 0.001), hand washing habit (p < 0.01), hand rub use (p < 0.001), living with smokers (p < 0.001), living with pets (p < 0.001) and having chronic diseases (p < 0.001) were found significantly associated with nasal carriage. The prevalence of and Methicillin-resistant are high in our study. The study emphasizes the need for regular surveillance among hospital staff and the environment to prevent MRSA transmission among health-care personnel.