The Association between Dyslipidemia, Dietary Habits and Other Lifestyle Indicators among Non-Diabetic Attendees of Primary Health Care Centers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

• Published in: Nutrients 2020-08, Vol.12 (8), p.2441
• Main Authors: Enani, Sumia, Bahijri, Suhad, Malibary, Manal, Jambi, Hanan, Eldakhakhny, Basmah, Al-Ahmadi, Jawaher, Al Raddadi, Rajaa, Ajabnoor, Ghada, Boraie, Anwar, Tuomilehto, Jaakko
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Adults; Age; Beverages; Body mass; Body mass index; Body size; Carbonation; Cholesterol; Coffee; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diet - adverse effects; Diet - statistics & numerical data; Diet Surveys; dietary intake; Dyslipidemia; Dyslipidemias - epidemiology; Dyslipidemias - etiology; Fasting - blood; Feeding Behavior; Female; Habits; Humans; Life Style; Lifestyles; Lipids; Lipids - blood; Male; Metabolic disorders; Middle Aged; Population studies; Primary care; Primary Health Care; Questionnaires; Regression Analysis; Risk; Risk Factors; Saudi Arabia - epidemiology; serum cholesterol; serum high density lipoprotein; serum low density lipoprotein; serum triglycerides; Sex differences; Sex Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Womens health; Young Adult
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu12082441

Diet and other lifestyle habits have been reported to contribute to the development of dyslipidemia in various populations. Therefore, this study investigated the association between dyslipidemia and dietary and other lifestyle practices among Saudi adults. Data were collected from adults (≥20 years) not previously diagnosed with diabetes in a cross-sectional design. Demographic, anthropometric, and clinical characteristics, as well as lifestyle and dietary habits were recorded using a predesigned questionnaire. Fasting blood samples were drawn to estimate the serum lipid profile. Out of 1385 people, 858 (62%) (491 men, 367 women) had dyslipidemia. After regression analysis to adjust for age, body mass index, and waist circumference, an intake of ≥5 cups/week of Turkish coffee, or carbonated drinks was associated with increased risk of dyslipidemia in men (OR (95% CI), 2.74 (1.53, 4.89) = 0.001, and 1.53 (1.04, 2.26) = 0.03 respectively), while the same intake of American coffee had a protective effect (0.53 (0.30, 0.92) = 0.025). Sleep duration