Ultimate Spatial Resolution Realisation in Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry with Equal Frequency Resampling

• Published in: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-07, Vol.21 (14), p.4632
• Main Authors: Guo, Zhen, Han, Gaoce, Yan, Jize, Greenwood, David, Marco, James, Yu, Yifei
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Accuracy; Backscattering; Communication; distributed optical fibre sensor; Frequency distribution; Frequency domain analysis; Interferometers; Lasers; Noise; nonlinear frequency sweeping; Optical frequency; optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR); Resampling; Sampling; Spatial resolution; Sweeping
• ISSN: 1424-8220; 1424-8220
• DOI: 10.3390/s21144632

A method based on equal frequency resampling is proposed to suppress laser nonlinear frequency sweeping for the ultimate spatial resolution in optical frequency domain reflectometry. Estimation inaccuracy of the sweeping frequency distribution caused by the finite sampling rate in the auxiliary interferometer can be efficiently compensated by the equal frequency resampling method. With the sweeping range of 130 nm, a 12.1 µm spatial resolution is experimentally obtained. In addition, the sampling limitation of the auxiliary interferometer-based correction is discussed. With a 200 m optical path delay in the auxiliary interferometer, a 21.3 µm spatial resolution is realised at the 191 m fibre end. By employing the proposed resampling and a drawing tower FBG array to enhance the Rayleigh backscattering, a distributed temperature sensing over a 105 m fibre with a sensing resolution of 1 cm is achieved. The measured temperature uncertainty is limited to ±0.15 °C.