Determination of SGK1 mRNA in non-small cell lung cancer samples underlines high expression in squamous cell carcinomas

• Published in: Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research 2012-01, Vol.31 (1), p.4-4, Article 4
• Main Authors: Abbruzzese, Claudia, Mattarocci, Stefano, Pizzuti, Laura, Mileo, Anna M, Visca, Paolo, Antoniani, Barbara, Alessandrini, Gabriele, Facciolo, Francesco, Amato, Rosario, D'Antona, Lucia, Rinaldi, Massimo, Felsani, Armando, Perrotti, Nicola, Paggi, Marco G
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; archival samples; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - genetics; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - metabolism; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - pathology; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - genetics; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - metabolism; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology; Cell adhesion & migration; Cell growth; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Gene expression; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Genetic aspects; Humans; Immediate-Early Proteins - genetics; Immediate-Early Proteins - metabolism; Insulin; Lung cancer; Lung cancer, Non-small cell; Lung Neoplasms - genetics; Lung Neoplasms - metabolism; Lung Neoplasms - pathology; Male; Messenger RNA; Middle Aged; mRNA; Neoplasm Staging; NSCLC; Physiological aspects; Prognosis; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases - genetics; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases - metabolism; Proteins; quantitative PCR; retrospective analysis; RNA, Messenger - genetics; RNA, Messenger - metabolism; SGK1; Signal Transduction; Squamous cell carcinoma; Statistical analysis; Thoracic surgery
• ISSN: 1756-9966; 0392-9078; 1756-9966
• DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-31-4

Lung cancer represents the most frequent cause of death for cancer. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for the vast majority of this disease, only early detection and treatment, when possible, may significantly affect patient's prognosis. An important role in NSCLC malignancy is attributed to the signal transduction pathways involving PI3Kinase, with consequent activation of the AKT family factors. The serum and glucocorticoid kinase (SGK) factors, which share high structural and functional homologies with the AKT factors, are a family of ubiquitously expressed serine/threonine kinases under the control of cellular stress and hormones. SGK1 is the most represented SGK member. By means of immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR, we determined SGK1 protein and mRNA expression in a cohort of 66 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded NSCLC surgical samples. All samples belonged to patients with a well-documented clinical history. mRNA expression was significantly higher in squamous cell carcinomas, and correlated with several clinical prognostic indicators, being elevated in high-grade tumors and in tumors with bigger size and worse clinical stage. No correlation was found between SGK1 protein expression and these clinical parameters. This explorative analysis of SGK1 expression in NSCLC samples highlights the potential role of this factor in NSCLC patients' prognosis. Moreover, the higher expression in the squamous cell carcinoma subtype opens new therapeutic possibilities in this NSCLC subtype by designing specific kinase inhibitors.