Dynamic Phosphate Uptake in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Roots Under Field Conditions

Many crops are colonized with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which can efficiently absorb nutrients such as phosphate from the soil. The utilization of mycorrhizal roots is one of the most promising options for developing resource-saving and sustainable agricultural systems. Most laboratory stu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in environmental science 2019-01, Vol.6
Main Author: Kobae, Yoshihiro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural development
Agricultural management
Agricultural resources
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)
Arbuscular mycorrhizas
Colonization
colonization dynamics
Crops
Environmental science
Flowers & plants
Fungi
Genes
indigenous AMF
infection unit
Laboratories
Mineralization
Next-generation sequencing
Nutrients
Nutrition
Phosphate
phosphate uptake
Phosphates
Phosphorus
Roots
Soil microorganisms
Sustainable agriculture
Symbiosis
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Summary:Many crops are colonized with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which can efficiently absorb nutrients such as phosphate from the soil. The utilization of mycorrhizal roots is one of the most promising options for developing resource-saving and sustainable agricultural systems. Most laboratory studies have illustrated the roles of AM symbiosis by inoculating plants with limited AMF isolates. In the field, however, the roots of crops are co-colonized with multiple AMF species, which are difficult to separate and identify and may have different abilities regarding phosphate uptake. Given advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies, such multi-component phosphate uptake systems under field conditions are the new frontier in mycorrhizal research and are crucial for managing the phosphate nutrition of crops. However, it is still difficult to understand which AMF are functional due to the dynamics of AMF colonization processes and the largely unknown genomic structure. This review summarizes key discoveries supporting the importance of the dynamics of AM colonization and genomic structure, which potentially influence the characteristics of AM phosphate uptake. Moreover, this review aims to identify the research direction necessary to obtain a better understanding of the phosphate uptake systems of crops in the field.
ISSN:2296-665X
2296-665X
DOI:10.3389/fenvs.2018.00159