Calcium Titanate from Food Waste: Combustion Synthesis, Sintering, Characterization, and Properties

Calcium titanate (CaTiO3) was combustion synthesized from a calcium source of waste duck eggshell, anatase titanium dioxide (A-TiO2), and magnesium (Mg). The eggshell and A-TiO2 were milled for 30 min in either a high-energy planetary mill or a conventional ball mill. These powders were then separat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advances in materials science and engineering 2019-01, Vol.2019 (2019), p.1-9
Main Authors: Cherdchom, Siriluk, Chanadee, Tawat, Rattanaphan, Thitiwat
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anatase
Ball milling
Calcium titanate
Ceramic powders
Ceramics
Combustion products
Combustion synthesis
Dielectric loss
Dielectric properties
Energy
Heat
Magnesium
Materials science
Mechanical alloying
Methods
Perovskites
Planetary mills
Polyvinyl alcohol
Porosity
Sintering
Sintering (powder metallurgy)
Titanium
Titanium dioxide
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Summary:Calcium titanate (CaTiO3) was combustion synthesized from a calcium source of waste duck eggshell, anatase titanium dioxide (A-TiO2), and magnesium (Mg). The eggshell and A-TiO2 were milled for 30 min in either a high-energy planetary mill or a conventional ball mill. These powders were then separately mixed with Mg in a ball mill. After synthesis, the combustion products were leached and then sintered to produce CaTiO3 ceramic. Analytical characterization of the as-leached combustion products revealed that the product of the combustion synthesis of duck eggshell + A-TiO2 that had been high-energy-milled for 30 min before synthesis comprised a single perovskite phase of CaTiO3. The high-energy milling of the reactant powder had generated a large reactive surface area and induced structural defects, both of which drove the completion of the combustion reaction and the phase conversion of the reactants into the product. A calcium titanate ceramic, fabricated by sintering as-leached powdered combustion product at 1350°C for 180 min, achieved a maximum density of 3.65 g/cm3 and a minimum porosity of 0.54%. The same fabricated calcium titanate ceramic product also exhibited the highest dielectric constant (∼78) and the lowest dielectric loss (∼0.02), which resulted from the simplified charge polarization process.
ISSN:1687-8434
1687-8442
DOI:10.1155/2019/9639016