Staphylococcus lugdunensis , a serious pathogen in periprosthetic joint infections: comparison to Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis

• Published in: International journal of infectious diseases 2016-10, Vol.51 (C), p.56-61
• Main Authors: Lourtet-Hascoët, J, Bicart-See, A, Félicé, M.P, Giordano, G, Bonnet, E
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Female; Humans; Infectious Disease; Joint Prosthesis - microbiology; Levofloxacin - therapeutic use; Male; Middle Aged; Periprosthetic joint infection; Prosthesis-Related Infections - diagnosis; Prosthesis-Related Infections - drug therapy; Prosthesis-Related Infections - microbiology; Prosthesis-Related Infections - surgery; Pulmonary/Respiratory; Retrospective Studies; Rifampin - therapeutic use; Staphylococcal Infections - diagnosis; Staphylococcal Infections - drug therapy; Staphylococcal Infections - microbiology; Staphylococcal Infections - surgery; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects; Staphylococcus aureus - pathogenicity; Staphylococcus epidermidis - drug effects; Staphylococcus epidermidis - pathogenicity; Staphylococcus lugdunensis; Staphylococcus lugdunensis - drug effects; Staphylococcus lugdunensis - pathogenicity; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 1201-9712; 1878-3511
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.08.007

Summary Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the characteristics of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) due to Staphylococcus lugdunensis and to compare these to the characteristics of PJI due to Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Methods A retrospective multicentre study including all consecutive cases of S. lugdunensis PJI (2000–2014) was performed. Eighty-eight cases of staphylococcal PJI were recorded: 28 due to S. lugdunensis , 30 to S. aureus , and 30 to S. epidermidis , as identified by Vitek 2 or API Staph (bioMérieux). Results Clinical symptoms were more often reported in the S. lugdunensis group, and the mean delay between surgery and infection was shorter for the S. lugdunensis group than for the S. aureus and S. epidermidis groups. Regarding antibiotic susceptibility, the S. lugdunensis strains were susceptible to antibiotics and 61% of the patients could be treated with levofloxacin + rifampicin. The outcome of the PJI was favourable for 89% of patients with S. lugdunensis , 83% with S. aureus , and 97% with S. epidermidis. Conclusion S. lugdunensis is an emerging pathogen with a pathogenicity quite similar to that of S. aureus . This coagulase-negative Staphylococcus must be identified precisely in PJI, in order to select the appropriate surgical treatment and antibiotics .