Effect of mastication evaluation and intervention on body composition and biochemical indices in female patients with obesity: a randomized controlled trial

• Published in: BMC endocrine disorders 2023-06, Vol.23 (1), p.134-134, Article 134
• Main Authors: Hidaka, Nagisa, Kurose, Satoshi, Takao, Nana, Miyauchi, Takumi, Nakajima, Sachiko, Yoshiuchi, Sawako, Fujii, Aya, Takahashi, Kazuhisa, Tsutsumi, Hiromi, Habu, Daiki, Taniguchi, Kazuhiro, Kimura, Yutaka
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anaerobic threshold; Behavior modification; Biochemical indices; Body composition; Body Mass Index; Body weight loss; Carbohydrates; Care and treatment; Chewing; Cross-sectional studies; Diabetes; Dietitians; Exercise; Female; Food; Glucose; Glucose metabolism; Health aspects; Humans; Insulin resistance; Intervention; Mastication; Metabolism; Middle age; Nutritional guidance; Obesity; Obesity - therapy; Physiological aspects; Psychologists; Time Factors; Weight control; Weight Loss; Women; Womens health
• ISSN: 1472-6823; 1472-6823
• DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01379-2

A limited number of studies have evaluated the masticatory indices of individuals with obesity who only chew their food a few times and for shorter duration or who were provided with an instructional intervention. This study aimed to examine the effects of a 6-month instructional mastication intervention on the body composition and biochemical indices in female patients with obesity. Female patients with obesity were randomly classified into a conventional treatment group (CTG; 12 individuals), which only received normal nutritional and exercise guidance, and a mastication intervention group (MIG; 16 individuals), which received an additional mastication guidance. The MIG received guidance on foods requiring increased number of chews and chewing duration, eating techniques, and the proper method of cutting foods. Changes in the masticatory, body composition, and biochemical indices were compared before and after the 6-month intervention. The values of body composition indices decreased significantly in both groups; however, the rate of change in body mass index significantly decreased in the MIG. In addition, the values of biochemical indices were significantly decreased in the MIG compared with that in the CTG, which is attributed to the addition of mastication instruction to female patients with obesity. Increasing the number of chews and duration of chewing times for carbohydrates, which are staple foods, possibly contributed to weight loss and improvement of glucose metabolism. UMIN, UMIN000025875. Registered on 27 Jan 2017.