Ocular Paraneoplastic Syndromes: A Critical Review of Diffuse Uveal Melanocytic Proliferation and Autoimmune Retinopathy

Background: Dozens of paraneoplastic syndromes affect the visual system ranging from conjunctival pemphigoid to encephalopathy of the occipital cortex. The most profiled ocular syndromes are bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation (BDUMP) and the autoimmune retinopathies. Purpose: To revie...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancer control 2022-12, Vol.29, p.10732748221144458
Main Authors: Weppelmann, Thomas A., Khalil, Sabrina, Zafrullah, Nabeel, Amir, Sabah, Margo, Curtis E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autoimmune Diseases
Bullous pemphigoid
Cancer
Cell Proliferation
Clinical trials
Commissioned work
full APC waiver
Encephalopathy
Eye diseases
Humans
Literature reviews
Occipital lobe
Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Ocular - diagnosis
Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Ocular - therapy
Plasmapheresis
Retinal Diseases
Retinopathy
Tumors
Visual system
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Summary:Background: Dozens of paraneoplastic syndromes affect the visual system ranging from conjunctival pemphigoid to encephalopathy of the occipital cortex. The most profiled ocular syndromes are bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation (BDUMP) and the autoimmune retinopathies. Purpose: To review the critical features of these 2 entities then concentrate on advancements in treatment made within the last 10 years. Study Design: Literature review with structured data abstraction. Results: Major insights into pathogenesis have been wanting. Plasmapheresis appears to improve vision in a substantial proportion of patients with BDUMP. The number of clinical variables that influence visual outcome in paraneoplastic retinopathies combined with the variety of local and systemic treatment options makes interpretation of clinical effectiveness difficult. Conclusions: The rarity of these disorders makes randomized clinical trials unlikely. It may be time for a clinical professional organization to use a modified Delphi method to establish a consensus algorithm for the diagnosis and management of retinal paraneoplastic syndromes to augment clinical communications and clinical trials.
ISSN:1073-2748
1526-2359
1526-2359
DOI:10.1177/10732748221144458