GNSS Receiver Fingerprinting Based on Time Skew of Embedded CSAC Clock

GNSS spoofing has become a significant security vulnerability threatening remote sensing systems. Hardware fingerprint-based GNSS receiver identification is one of the solutions to address this security issue. However, existing research has not provided a solution for distinguishing GNSS receivers o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2024-07, Vol.24 (15), p.4897
Main Authors: Gui, Sibo, Dai, Li, Shi, Meng, Wang, Junchao, Tang, Chuwen, Wu, Haitao, Zhao, Jianye
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Access control
Accuracy
chip-scale atomic clock
Clocks & watches
Communications equipment
Crystal oscillators
device fingerprint
GNSS receiver
Identification
Lasers
Neural networks
Receivers & amplifiers
Remote sensing
Remote sensing systems
Semiconductors
Unmanned aerial vehicles
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Summary:GNSS spoofing has become a significant security vulnerability threatening remote sensing systems. Hardware fingerprint-based GNSS receiver identification is one of the solutions to address this security issue. However, existing research has not provided a solution for distinguishing GNSS receivers of the same specification. This paper first theoretically proves that the CSACs (Chip-Scale Atomic Clocks) used in GNSS receivers have unique hardware noise and then proposes a fingerprinting scheme based on this hardware noise. Experiments based on the neural network method demonstrate that this fingerprint achieved an identification accuracy of 94.60% for commercial GNSS receivers of the same specification and performed excellently in anomaly detection, confirming the robustness of the fingerprinting method. This method shows a new real-time GNSS security monitoring method based on CSACs and can be easily used with any commercial GNSS receivers.
ISSN:1424-8220
1424-8220
DOI:10.3390/s24154897