Surgical Correction of Infundibular Muscular Ventricular Septal Defect in a Cat: A Case Report

Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) can lead to congestive heart failure and pulmonary hypertension, particularly in patients with large shunts. However, no surgical treatment for feline VSD has been reported. Here, we elucidated the first surgical correction of an infundibular muscular VSD in a one-y...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Animals (Basel) 2024-06, Vol.14 (12), p.1736
Main Authors: Aoki, Takuma, Terakado, Tomomi, Jingya, Yao, Iwasaki, Kentaro, Shimoda, Hayato, Fukamachi, Naoyuki, Miyamoto, Takashi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cardiovascular disease
Case Report
cat
Cats
Classification
Congenital diseases
Congenital heart disease
Coronary artery bypass
Coronary vessels
feline cardiac surgery
Fentanyl
Fluorides
Genetic disorders
Heart
Heart failure
Hospitals
Pulmonary arteries
Pulmonary hypertension
surgical correction
Surgical techniques
Sutures
Veins & arteries
ventricular septal defect
Veterinary medicine
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Summary:Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) can lead to congestive heart failure and pulmonary hypertension, particularly in patients with large shunts. However, no surgical treatment for feline VSD has been reported. Here, we elucidated the first surgical correction of an infundibular muscular VSD in a one-year-old Ragdoll cat, atypically located and classified under the Soto classification rather than the standard Kirklin classification, through cardiac arrest using cardiopulmonary bypass-a method rarely used in feline cardiac surgery. Detailed echocardiography revealed that the defect required intervention owing to left heart and main pulmonary artery enlargement. Despite the VSD being located on the contralateral side, as anticipated in the preoperative examinations, the choice of median sternotomy allowed for the successful closure of the defect. Conversely, the insertion of two cannulas into the ascending aorta resulted in damage to the adjacent thoracic duct, causing transient chylothorax, which was resolved with conservative treatment. Cardiac arrest induced by a cardioplegic solution facilitated the surgical procedure, although it leads to anemia in cats. However, on postoperative day 490, the patient exhibited only minor residual shunting, with normalized heart size, and remained healthy. This technique appears to be a viable treatment option for congenital heart disease in cats.
ISSN:2076-2615
2076-2615
DOI:10.3390/ani14121736