Point Sensor Networks Struggle to Detect and Quantify Short Controlled Releases at Oil and Gas Sites

This study evaluated multiple commercially available continuous monitoring (CM) point sensor network (PSN) solutions under single-blind controlled release testing conducted at operational upstream and midstream oil and natural gas (O&G) sites. During releases, PSNs reported site-level emission r...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2024-04, Vol.24 (8), p.2419
Main Authors: Day, Rachel Elizabeth, Emerson, Ethan, Bell, Clay, Zimmerle, Daniel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accuracy
Algorithms
Carbon dioxide
Climate change
continuous monitoring
Emission standards
Emissions
Emissions (Pollution)
emissions abatement
emissions quantification
greenhouse gas (GHG)
Greenhouse gases
Leak detection
Localization
methane
Natural gas
oil and gas
Product introduction
Sensors
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Summary:This study evaluated multiple commercially available continuous monitoring (CM) point sensor network (PSN) solutions under single-blind controlled release testing conducted at operational upstream and midstream oil and natural gas (O&G) sites. During releases, PSNs reported site-level emission rate estimates of 0 kg/h between 38 and 86% of the time. When non-zero site-level emission rate estimates were provided, no linear correlation between the release rate and the reported emission rate estimate was observed. The average, aggregated across all PSN solutions during releases, shows 5% of the mixing ratio readings at downwind sensors were greater than the site's baseline plus two standard deviations. Four of seven total PSN solutions tested during this field campaign provided site-level emission rate estimates with the site average relative error ranging from -100% to 24% for solution D, -100% to -43% for solution E, -25% for solution F (solution F was only at one site), and -99% to 430% for solution G, with an overall average of -29% across all sites and solutions. Of all the individual site-level emission rate estimates, only 11% were within ±2.5 kg/h of the study team's best estimate of site-level emissions at the time of the releases.
ISSN:1424-8220
1424-8220
DOI:10.3390/s24082419