Dietary D-xylose promotes intestinal health by inducing phage production in Escherichia coli

Elimination of specific enteropathogenic microorganisms is critical to gut health. However, the complexity of the gut community makes it challenging to target specific bacterial organisms. Accumulating evidence suggests that various foods can change the abundance of intestinal bacteria by modulating...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:NPJ biofilms and microbiomes 2023-10, Vol.9 (1), p.79-79, Article 79
Main Authors: Hu, Jie, Wu, Yifan, Kang, Luyuan, Liu, Yisi, Ye, Hao, Wang, Ran, Zhao, Jinbiao, Zhang, Guolong, Li, Xilong, Wang, Junjun, Han, Dandan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/326/421
692/698/2741/2135
Acids
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Clostridia
Digestive system
Disease control
E coli
Escherichia coli
Gastrointestinal tract
Intestine
Lactic acid
Life Sciences
Medical Microbiology
Microbial Ecology
Microbial Genetics and Genomics
Microbiology
Phages
Prophages
Propionic acid
RecA protein
SOS response
Streptomycin
Xylose
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Summary:Elimination of specific enteropathogenic microorganisms is critical to gut health. However, the complexity of the gut community makes it challenging to target specific bacterial organisms. Accumulating evidence suggests that various foods can change the abundance of intestinal bacteria by modulating prophage induction. By using pathogenic Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) ATCC 25922 as a model in this research, we explored the potential of dietary modulation of prophage induction and subsequent bacterial survival. Among a panel of sugars tested in vitro, D -xylose was shown to efficiently induce prophages in E. coli ATCC 25922, which depends, in part, upon the production of D -lactic acid. In an enteric mouse model, prophage induction was found to be further enhanced in response to propionic acid. Dietary D -xylose increased the proportion of Clostridia which converted D -lactic acid to propionic acid. Intestinal propionic acid levels were diminished, following either oral gavage with the dehydrogenase gene ( ldhA )-deficient E. coli ATCC 25922 or depletion of intestinal Clostridia by administration of streptomycin. D -Xylose metabolism and exposure to propionic acid triggered E. coli ATCC 25922 SOS response that promoted prophage induction. E. coli ATCC 25922 mutant of RecA, a key component of SOS system, exhibited decreased phage production. These findings suggest the potential of using dietary components that can induce prophages as antimicrobial alternatives for disease control and prevention by targeted elimination of harmful gut bacteria.
ISSN:2055-5008
2055-5008
DOI:10.1038/s41522-023-00445-w