Research Progress of Non-Noble Metal Catalysts for Carbon Dioxide Methanation

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2024-01, Vol.29 (2), p.374
• Main Authors: Cui, Yingchao, He, Shunyu, Yang, Jun, Gao, Ruxing, Hu, Kehao, Chen, Xixi, Xu, Lujing, Deng, Chao, Lin, Congji, Peng, Shuai, Zhang, Chundong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Air quality management; Alternative energy sources; Carbon dioxide; Catalysis; CO2 hydrogenation; Emissions; Emissions (Pollution); Fossil fuels; Gases; Hydrogen; Hydrogenation; mechanism; Metal catalysts; methanation; Natural gas; non-noble metal catalysts; Review; Temperature; thermocatalysis
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020374

The extensive utilization of fossil fuels has led to a rapid increase in atmospheric CO concentration, resulting in various environmental issues. To reduce reliance on fossil fuels and mitigate CO emissions, it is important to explore alternative methods of utilizing CO and H as raw materials to obtain high-value-added chemicals or fuels. One such method is CO methanation, which converts CO and H into methane (CH ), a valuable fuel and raw material for other chemicals. However, CO methanation faces challenges in terms of kinetics and thermodynamics. The reaction rate, CO conversion, and CH yield need to be improved to make the process more efficient. To overcome these challenges, the development of suitable catalysts is essential. Non-noble metal catalysts have gained significant attention due to their high catalytic activity and relatively low cost. In this paper, the thermodynamics and kinetics of the CO methanation reaction are discussed. The focus is primarily on reviewing Ni-based, Co-based, and other commonly used catalysts such as Fe-based. The effects of catalyst supports, preparation methods, and promoters on the catalytic performance of the methanation reaction are highlighted. Additionally, the paper summarizes the impact of reaction conditions such as temperature, pressure, space velocity, and H /CO ratio on the catalyst performance. The mechanism of CO methanation is also summarized to provide a comprehensive understanding of the process. The objective of this paper is to deepen the understanding of non-noble metal catalysts in CO methanation reactions and provide insights for improving catalyst performance. By addressing the limitations of CO methanation and exploring the factors influencing catalyst effectiveness, researchers can develop more efficient and cost-effective catalysts for this reaction.