Epoxy Coating as a Novel Method to Prevent Avian Electrocutions and Electrical Faults on Distribution Pylons with Grounded Steel Crossarms

• Published in: Birds (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2024-09, Vol.5 (3), p.616-624
• Main Authors: Kolnegari, Mahmood, Basiri, Ali Akbar, Hazrati, Mandana, Gaunin, Anaïs, Dwyer, James F.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adhesives; avian; Blackouts; Climbing; Electric currents; Electric utilities; Electricity distribution; Electrocutions; GFE; glass flake epoxy; Laboratories; mitigation; mortality; power line; Precipitation
• ISSN: 2673-6004; 2673-6004
• DOI: 10.3390/birds5030041

Electrical faults caused by power escaping electric systems can lead to power outages, equipment damage, and fires. Faults sometimes occur when birds perched on power structures are electrocuted. Distribution power lines supported by concrete and steel pylons are particularly fault-prone because small separations between conductors and grounded components allow even small birds to inadvertently create faults while being electrocuted. Most conservation solutions focus on covering energized wires and components to prevent contact by birds and, although usually effective when installed correctly, covers can sometimes be dislodged thus becoming ineffective. Glass Flake Epoxy (GFE) is a non-conductive thermoset plastic that can adhere to steel crossarms and not be dislodged. We hypothesized that GFE-coated crossarms might reduce faults (proxies for avian electrocutions), and we conducted laboratory and field trials to evaluate that hypothesis. In the laboratory, we found a 2000 micrometer (μm)-thick layer of GFE coating that created a dielectric strength of 12.30 ± 0.21 kV, which was sufficient to prevent the formation of a phase-to-ground fault on up to 20 kV distribution lines. This should allow birds to perch on metal crossarms without being electrocuted. In field trials, we substituted 24% of a 20 kV distribution pylon’s crossarms with GFE-treated crossarms and found that doing so correlated with a 28% decrease in faults. Although we did not measure avian electrocutions directly, our findings suggest GFE coatings may offer a novel method of reducing avian electrocutions on power lines.