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The effect of leaf area reduction on corn plants during the reproduction phase

Reduction in leaf area in corn plants during reproduction changes physiological metabolism and consequently the accumulation of dry matter in grains. The aim of this work was to study changes in agronomic characteristics caused by defoliation in corn during the reproduction phase. The experiment was...

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Published in:Revista Ceres 2011-08, Vol.58 (4), p.413-418
Main Authors: Alvim, Karen Rodrigues de Toledo, Brito, Césio Humberto de, Brandão, Afonso Maria, Gomes, Luiz Savelli, Lopes, Maria Teresa Gomes
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Reduction in leaf area in corn plants during reproduction changes physiological metabolism and consequently the accumulation of dry matter in grains. The aim of this work was to study changes in agronomic characteristics caused by defoliation in corn during the reproduction phase. The experiment was carried out in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais state, in the agricultural year 2007/2008. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design, consisting of seven treatments: control without defoliation, removal of two apical leaves, removal of four apical leaves, removal of all leaves above spike, removal of four intermediate leaves, removal of all leaves below spike, and removal of all plant leaves, with five repetitions. The genotype used for the evaluations was hybrid NB 7376. Defoliation was carried out when plants were at the growth stage R2. The variables assessed were: yield, density of spikes and corncobs, root resistance and stem integrity. When all leaves above the spike were removed, grain yield was reduced by 20%. Corncob density, stem integrity and root resistance to uprooting were also affected. Spike density was only affected when all plant leaves were removed. The leaf area remaining physiologically active above the spike was found to be most efficient in terms of grain yield. A redução da área foliar em plantas de milho na fase reprodutiva altera a atividade fisiológica e, consequentemente, o acúmulo de matéria seca nos grãos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a alteração em características agronômicas, provocadas pela desfolha, em plantas de milho, na fase reprodutiva. O experimento foi instalado em Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, no ano agrícola de 2007/2008. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados, com sete tratamentos - testemunha sem desfolha, remoção de duas folhas apicais, remoção de quatro folhas apicais, remoção de todas as folhas acima da espiga, remoção de quatro folhas intermediárias, remoção de todas as folhas abaixo da espiga e remoção de todas as folhas da planta - com cinco repetições. O genótipo utilizado foi o híbrido NB 7376. A desfolha foi realizada quando as plantas encontravam-se no estádio R2. Os caracteres avaliados foram: produtividade, densidade de espigas e sabugos, resistência de raízes e integridade do colmo. Quando foram retiradas todas as folhas acima da espiga, foi observada a perda de 20% na produtividade, foram afetadas a densidade dos sabugos, a integridade do colmo e a resistência das raízes ao ar
ISSN:0034-737X
2177-3491
0034-737X
DOI:10.1590/S0034-737X2011000400002