Computing conditional entropies for quantum correlations

• Published in: Nature communications 2021-01, Vol.12 (1), p.575-575, Article 575
• Main Authors: Brown, Peter, Fawzi, Hamza, Fawzi, Omar
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 639/705/258; 639/766/483/481; Approximation; Computer applications; Cryptography; Eavesdropping; Entropy; Humanities and Social Sciences; Lower bounds; multidisciplinary; Optimization; Physics; Quantum computing; Quantum cryptography; Quantum phenomena; Quantum Physics; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Security; Upper bounds
• ISSN: 2041-1723; 2041-1723
• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20018-1

The rates of quantum cryptographic protocols are usually expressed in terms of a conditional entropy minimized over a certain set of quantum states. In particular, in the device-independent setting, the minimization is over all the quantum states jointly held by the adversary and the parties that are consistent with the statistics that are seen by the parties. Here, we introduce a method to approximate such entropic quantities. Applied to the setting of device-independent randomness generation and quantum key distribution, we obtain improvements on protocol rates in various settings. In particular, we find new upper bounds on the minimal global detection efficiency required to perform device-independent quantum key distribution without additional preprocessing. Furthermore, we show that our construction can be readily combined with the entropy accumulation theorem in order to establish full finite-key security proofs for these protocols. Simple lower bounds on the rates of device-independent quantum information protocols can often overestimate the power of the eavesdropping party. Here, the authors use new entropic quantities defined as semidefinite programs to improve bounds in several regimes without expensive computational resources