Initial study of an alternative technology aimed at measuring and controlling the flow rate in air conditioning ducts

• Published in: Advances in mechanical engineering 2021-08, Vol.13 (8)
• Main Authors: Testi, Andrei, Marcelino, Marcio Abud, Lotufo, Francisco Antonio, de Souza, Teófilo Miguel
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aerodynamics; Air conditioning; Air flow; Alternative technology; Business aircraft; CAD; Certification; Compressible flow; Computational fluid dynamics; Computer aided design; Control valves; Differential pressure; Flow control; Fluid dynamics; Fluid flow; Fluid mechanics; General aviation aircraft; Jets; Mass flow rate; Reliability analysis; Reliability aspects; Software; Valves; Wire
• ISSN: 1687-8132; 1687-8140
• DOI: 10.1177/16878140211034609

This paper states that there might have around 1000 small size business jets (until nine occupants) flying across the world equipped with flow control and regulating shut-off valves that uses hot wire anemometer devices to regulate massflow rate from the bleed airflow to supply the air-conditioning and pressurization systems. However, these valves present low reliability in the field. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the implications of a flow control and regulating shut-off valve with a non-intrusive airflow measurer device under the perspective of fluid mechanics. The Venturi technology that is commonly used technology, given its construction simplicity, precision, and broad use in the industry, is selected to substitute the flow control and regulating shut-off valves with hot wire anemometer of the mentioned small size business jets applications. This paper has adopted a numeric simulation approach utilizing the ANSYS-CFX computational fluid dynamics software to verify both the differential pressure at the Venturi device and its correspondent mass flow rate to supply the air conditioning systems of some small size business jets, considering the mass-flow rate as requested by the FAA certification requirement (0.55 lb/min per occupant). This paper shows that a mass-flow rate control and regulating shut-off valve with a Venturi device, of 1 inch and β of 0.67, is compliant with the minimum fresh air flow requested by the FAA certification requirement to operate in some small size business jets. Besides that, the software ANSYS-CFX is also effective to support the engineering analysis of flow field characteristics inherent to the applications of internal compressible flow. The numeric simulation utilizing the ANSYS-CFX computational fluid dynamics software outlined herein can lay the basis for further research related to the design of a flow control and regulating shut-off valves with a Venturi device.