Occupational Therapy Interventions to Improve the Quality of Life of Older Adults with Dementia Living in Nursing Homes: A Systematic Review

The increase in older adults with dementia presents challenges in promoting research to improve the quality of life of this population. The objective of this study was to assess the scientific evidence on the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions in improving the quality of life of old...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Healthcare (Basel) 2024-05, Vol.12 (9), p.896
Main Authors: Uceda-Portillo, Cristian, Aranda-Valero, Sandra, Moruno-Miralles, Pedro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activities of daily living
Bias
Care and treatment
Cohort analysis
Collaboration
Complications and side effects
Data collection
Dementia
Health aspects
Health care
Intervention
Methods
Nursing home patients
Nursing homes
Occupational therapy
older adults
Older people
Quality of life
Systematic review
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Summary:The increase in older adults with dementia presents challenges in promoting research to improve the quality of life of this population. The objective of this study was to assess the scientific evidence on the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions in improving the quality of life of older adults over 65 years old with dementia living in nursing homes. The databases used were PubMed, Web of Science, OTSeeker, clinicaltrials.gov, Dialnet, Scopus, Cochrane, and SciELO between 2013 and 2023. The studies were selected and evaluated according to the Cochrane guidelines. The review was carried out following the PRISMA 2020 Statement. Sixteen articles met the inclusion criteria and were categorized into four groups according to the focus of the intervention: "meaningful activities/occupations", "physical, cognitive and sensory functioning", "performance areas", and "physical and social environment and staff training". The strength of evidence was moderate, and the risk of bias was low. The findings revealed that occupational therapy interventions based on participation in recreational activities, reminiscence, performance-based activities and the physical and social environment, and specialized staff training, could improve the perceived quality of life of older adults with dementia living in nursing homes.
ISSN:2227-9032
2227-9032
DOI:10.3390/healthcare12090896