Clinical and epidemiological round: journal club

• Published in: Iatreia (Medellín, Colombia) Colombia), 2015-10, Vol.28 (4), p.472-480
• Main Authors: Caraballo-Cordovez, César, Hincapié-Osorno, Carolina, Marín-Díaz, Carlos Felipe, Jaimes-Barragán, Fabián
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• Subjects: Acute Kidney Injury; AIDS; Alcoholic Hepatitis; Antiretroviral Therapy; beta-Lactams; Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures; Child Development; Fluoroquinolones; HIV; Macrolides; Pentoxifylline; Pneumonia; Prednisolone; Umbilical Cord
• ISSN: 0121-0793; 2011-7965
• DOI: 10.17533/udea.iatreia.v28n4a12

In this new edition of Ronda Clínica y Epidemiológica, five studies that we consider important in today´s clinical practice are analyzed. The RENALRIPC study, in which Zarbock et al., suggest that remote ischemic preconditioning previous to cardiovascular surgery reduces the risk of acute kidney injury. The CAP-START study, in which Postma et al., show that the use of monotherapy with beta-lactams was not inferior to their combination with macrolides or to the use of monotherapy with fluoroquinolones in reducing 90-days mortality in patients with community acquired pneumonia. The STOPAH study, in which neither pentoxifylline nor prednisolone demonstrated a significant effect in preventing 28-day mortality in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. Andersson et al., present a study which shows that delaying the clamping of the umbilical cord may lead to a superior cognitive development at the age of four, compared with those in which the clamping was done earlier. Finally, we include an extraordinary press report of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases regarding the START study, showing that the start of antiretroviral treatment in patients infected with HIV when the CD4+ cell count is higher than 500/µL significantly reduces the risk of adverse outcomes, when compared with those in which therapy is started when CD4+ cell count declined to 350/µL or less.