Kinetics and thermodynamics investigations of efficient and eco-friendly removal of alizarin red S from water via acid-activated Dalbergia sissoo leaf powder and its magnetic iron oxide nanocomposite

The present work aimed to highlight an efficient, readily accessible, and cost-effective adsorbent derived from (DS) leaf powder for removing the environmentally hazardous dye "alizarin red S" (ARS) from hydrous medium. A variant of the adsorbent is activated via sulfuric acid and composit...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in chemistry 2024-09, Vol.12, p.1457265
Main Authors: Nawaz, Saleem, Salman, Syed Muhammad, Ali, Asad, Ali, Basit, Shah, Syed Nusrat, Rahman, Latif Ur
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
adsorption isotherms
adsorptive removal
alizarin red S
Chemistry
Dalbergia sissoo
Dalbergia sissoo-magnetic iron oxide nanocomposite
Energiteknik
Energy Engineering
thermodynamics and kinetics
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Summary:The present work aimed to highlight an efficient, readily accessible, and cost-effective adsorbent derived from (DS) leaf powder for removing the environmentally hazardous dye "alizarin red S" (ARS) from hydrous medium. A variant of the adsorbent is activated via sulfuric acid and composited with magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (DSMNC). Both adsorbents are thoroughly characterized using techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, point of zero charge, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, which show that they have a porous structure rich in active sites. Different adsorption conditions are optimized with the maximum removal efficiency of 76.63% for DS and 97.89% for DSMNC. The study was highlighted via the application of various adsorption isotherms, including Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich, to adsorption data. Pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models were utilized to investigate the kinetics and mechanism of adsorption. The Freundlich model and pseudo-second-order kinetics exhibited the best fit, suggesting a combination of physical interactions, as confirmed by the D-R and Temkin models. The dominant adsorbate-adsorbent interactive interactions responsible for ARS removal were hydrogen bonding, dispersion forces, and noncovalent aromatic ring adsorbent pi-interactions. Thermodynamic parameters extracted from adsorption data indicated that the removal of the mutagenic dye "ARS" was exothermic and spontaneous on both DS and DSMNC, with DSMNC exhibiting higher removal efficiency.
ISSN:2296-2646
2296-2646
DOI:10.3389/fchem.2024.1457265