Mature Triphyllic Cystic Teratoma of the Posterior Mediastinum in a Fetus: A Case Report and Literature Review

A teratoma is a neoplasm composed of cell populations or tissues that are reminiscent, in their appearance, of normal elements derived from at least two embryonic layers. Fetal mature teratomas are normally benign, cystic, and typically occur along the midline, while they are rare in the posterior m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Diseases 2023-10, Vol.11 (4), p.144
Main Authors: Salzillo, Cecilia, Quaranta, Andrea, De Biasi, Giovanni, Cazzato, Gerardo, Serio, Gabriella, Vimercati, Antonella, Nicolì, Pierpaolo, Resta, Leonardo, Marzullo, Andrea
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abdomen
Amniotic fluid
Ascites
Care and treatment
Cartilage
Case Report
Case reports
Case studies
Children
Chromosome aberrations
Cloning
Congenital defects
Cysts
Cytokeratin
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Diseases
Epithelium
fetal teratoma
Fetuses
germ cell tumor
Gestational age
Literature reviews
mature triphyllic cystic teratoma
Mediastinum
Morphology
Placenta
posterior mediastinum
Pregnancy
prenatal diagnosis
Proteins
Smooth muscle
Teratoma
Thyroid gland
Transcription factors
Tumors
Ultrasonic imaging
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Summary:A teratoma is a neoplasm composed of cell populations or tissues that are reminiscent, in their appearance, of normal elements derived from at least two embryonic layers. Fetal mature teratomas are normally benign, cystic, and typically occur along the midline, while they are rare in the posterior mediastinum. Teratomas are frequently solitary; however, they may sometimes be associated with other congenital anomalies and/or with chromosomal abnormalities. Clinically, they are often asymptomatic but can occasionally cause compression symptoms. Prenatal diagnoses are uncommon and made with ultrasonography; differential diagnosis with other congenital conditions is mandatory. We report the case of a 21 weeks of gestational age old fetus with a mature triphyllic fetal cystic teratoma, grade 0, located in the right posterior mediastinum. The tumor presented as a 3 cm wide cystic mass that caused a contralateral shift of the surrounding structures. Histological examination later revealed the presence of derivatives of the three germ layers, such as hyaline cartilage, smooth muscle, nervous tissue, and a respiratory-type epithelium.
ISSN:2079-9721
2079-9721
DOI:10.3390/diseases11040144