The effect of a low renal acid load diet on blood pressure, lipid profile, and blood glucose indices in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial

• Published in: Nutrition journal 2023-03, Vol.22 (1), p.18-18, Article 18
• Main Authors: Armin, Maryam, Heidari, Zahra, Askari, Gholamreza, Iraj, Bijan, Clark, Cain C T, Rouhani, Mohammad Hossein
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acid-base equilibrium; Analysis; Anthropometry; Blood glucose; Blood Glucose - analysis; Blood Pressure; Blood sugar; Body mass index; Carbohydrates; Cholesterol; Clinical trials; Confounding (Statistics); Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes therapy; Diabetics; Diet; Diet therapy; Dietary renal acid load; Eating behavior; Fasting; Food; Food habits; Glucose; Glucose - therapeutic use; Glycated Hemoglobin; Glycemic control; Glycosylated hemoglobin; Health aspects; Hemoglobin; High density lipoprotein; Humans; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Kidneys; Lipid profiles; Lipids; Low density lipoprotein; Low density lipoproteins; Metabolism; Nutrient deficiency; Nutrition; Nutrition research; Observational studies; Potassium; Product development; Proteins; Requirements; Risk factors; Triglycerides; Type 2 diabetes
• ISSN: 1475-2891; 1475-2891
• DOI: 10.1186/s12937-023-00849-6

Observational studies have reported that dietary renal acid load has an important role in insulin resistance and metabolic factors. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of a low renal acid load diet (LRALD) on blood pressure, lipid profile, and blood glucose indices in patients with type 2 diabetes. In this parallel randomized clinical trial, 80 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to the LRALD (n = 40) or control (n = 40) groups, for 12 weeks. Both groups received a balanced diet and a list of nutritional recommendations based on healthy eating behaviors. In the LRALD group, food items with low renal acid load were prescribed. Primary outcomes including: fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting serum insulin, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA) and secondary outcomes including: weight, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). were measured at baseline and end of the study. The present trial was registered at IRCT.ir (IRCT20130903014551N5). Seventy subjects completed the study (n = 35 in control group and n = 36 in LRALD). Weight (P