Antimicrobial and cleaning effects of ultrasonic-mediated plasma-loaded microbubbles on Enterococcus faecalis biofilm: an in vitro study

• Published in: BMC oral health 2023-03, Vol.23 (1), p.133-133, Article 133
• Main Authors: Zhu, Mengqian, Dang, Jie, Dong, Feihong, Zhong, Ruoqing, Zhang, Jue, Pan, Jie, Li, Yinglong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anti-infective agents; Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology; Antimicrobial agents; Bacteria; Biofilms; Cavitation; Cold; Composition; Confocal microscopy; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Disinfection; Dosage and administration; Emulsification; Endodontic treatment; Endodontics; Enterococcus faecalis; Enterococcus faecalis biofilm; Health aspects; Humans; Hydrogen peroxide; Hydrogen Peroxide - pharmacology; Infection control; Infections; Lasers; Mechanical safety; Methods; Microbubbles; Microscopy, Confocal; Morphology; Nitric oxide; Patient outcomes; Plasma; Plasma-loaded microbubbles (PMBs); Polyethylene glycol; Root Canal Irrigants - pharmacology; Root canal therapy; Root canals; Scanning electron microscopy; Sodium hypochlorite; Sodium Hypochlorite - pharmacology; Statistical significance; Tubules; Ultrasonic imaging; Ultrasonics; Ultrasound; Ultrasound treatment; Variance analysis
• ISSN: 1472-6831; 1472-6831
• DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02813-6

Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is the most frequently isolated bacteria from teeth with root canal treatment failure. This study aims to evaluate the disinfection effect of ultrasonic-mediated cold plasma-loaded microbubbles (PMBs) on 7d E. faecalis biofilm, the mechanical safety and the mechanisms. The PMBs were fabricated by a modified emulsification process and the key reactive species, nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H O ) were evaluated. The 7d E. faecalis biofilm on human tooth disk was constructed and divided into the following groups: PBS, 2.5%NaOCl, 2%CHX, and different concentrations of PMBs (10  mL , 10  mL ). The disinfection effects and elimination effects were verified with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Microhardness and roughness change of dentin after PMBs treatment were verified respectively. The concentration of NO and H O in PMBs increased by 39.99% and 50.97% after ultrasound treatment (p  0.05). PMBs combined with ultrasound treatment exhibited significant disinfection effect and biofilm removal effect, the mechanical safety is acceptable.