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Economic nitrogen rate for fertigation of green corn crop in the Brazilian semiarid

The objective of this work was to determine the nitrogen rate for fertigation associated with the maximum productivity of green corn (Zea mays) with a lower production cost, in two harvest seasons in the Brazilian semiarid region. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four rep...

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Published in:Pesquisa agropecuaria brasileira 2019-01, Vol.54
Main Authors: Souza, Ênio Gomes Flôr, Cruz, Ellen Abreu da, França, Rafaela Felix da, Silva, José Madson da, Barros Júnior, Aurélio Paes, Bezerra Neto, Francisco
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:The objective of this work was to determine the nitrogen rate for fertigation associated with the maximum productivity of green corn (Zea mays) with a lower production cost, in two harvest seasons in the Brazilian semiarid region. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replicates, and the treatments consisted of four N rates (0, 80, 160, and 240 kg ha-1) in form of urea, applied via drip irrigation. The used cultivar was the Bt Feroz hybrid. The evaluated characteristics were: number and mass of marketable ears, gross income, net income, and rate of return. The greatest amounts of marketable ears were reached with 152.52 kg ha-1 N in summer (41,183.84 ears per hectare) and 190.31 kg ha-1 N in winter (53,291.25 ears per hectare). In the two harvests, there was a variation in production costs between R$ 2,422.12 ha-1 and R$ 3,320.95 ha-1 without N and with 240 kg ha-1 N, respectively. The winter harvest showed higher productivity and profitability of green ears with fertigation with 160 kg ha-1 N. In the Brazilian semiarid, the maximum productivity of green corn with the lowest production cost is reached with fertigation with 90 kg ha-1 N, in both harvests. Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a dose de nitrogênio para fertirrigação associada à máxima produtividade de milho verde (Zea mays) com menor custo de produção, em duas safras agrícolas no semiárido brasileiro. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, e os tratamentos consistiram em doses de N (0, 80, 160 e 240 kg ha-1), na forma de ureia, via irrigação por gotejamento. A cultivar utilizada foi o híbrido Bt Feroz. As características avaliadas foram: número e massa de espigas comercializáveis, renda bruta, renda líquida e taxa de retorno. As maiores quantidades de espigas comercializáveis foram alcançadas com 152,52 kg ha-1 de N no verão (41.183,84 espigas por hectare) e 190,31 kg ha-1 de N no inverno (53.291,25 espigas por hectare). Nas duas safras, houve variação nos custos de produção entre R$ 2.422,12 ha-1 e R$ 3.320,95 ha-1 sem N e com 240 kg ha-1 de N, respectivamente. A safra de inverno apresentou maior produtividade e rentabilidade de espigas verdes com fertirrigação com 160 kg ha-1 de N. No semiárido brasileiro, a máxima produtividade de milho verde com menor custo de produção é alcançada com a fertirrigação com 90 kg ha-1 de N, em ambas as colheitas.
ISSN:0100-204X
1678-3921
1678-3921
DOI:10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2019.v54.00556