Immune Responses to Irradiated Pneumococcal Whole Cell Vaccine

(pneumococcus) can cause respiratory and systemic diseases. Recently, γ-irradiation-inactivated, non-encapsulated, intranasal (r-SP) vaccine has been introduced as a novel serotype-independent and cost-effective vaccine. However, the immunogenic mechanism of r-SP is poorly understood. Here, we compa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Vaccines (Basel) 2021-04, Vol.9 (4), p.405
Main Authors: Ko, Eunbyeol, Jeong, Soyoung, Jwa, Min Yong, Kim, A Reum, Ha, Ye-Eun, Kim, Sun Kyung, Jeong, Sungho, Ahn, Ki Bum, Seo, Ho Seong, Yun, Cheol-Heui, Han, Seung Hyun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adjuvants
Alveoli
Antibodies
Antigens
Bacterial infections
Blood
Bronchus
Cell activation
Deactivation
Dendritic cells
Gamma irradiation
immune responses
Immunization
Immunogenicity
Immunoglobulin A
Immunoglobulin G
Immunology
Interleukin 4
intranasal immunization
Irradiation
Lethal dose
Lymph nodes
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Pneumonia
Radiation
Streptococcus infections
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Vaccines
whole-cell vaccine
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Summary:(pneumococcus) can cause respiratory and systemic diseases. Recently, γ-irradiation-inactivated, non-encapsulated, intranasal (r-SP) vaccine has been introduced as a novel serotype-independent and cost-effective vaccine. However, the immunogenic mechanism of r-SP is poorly understood. Here, we comparatively investigated the protective immunity and immunogenicity of r-SP to the heat-(h-SP) or formalin-inactivated vaccine (f-SP) without adjuvants. Mice were intranasally immunized with each vaccine three times and then challenged with a lethal dose of TIGR4 strain and then subsequently evaluated for their immune responses. Immunization with r-SP elicited modestly higher protection against than h-SP or f-SP. Immunization with r-SP enhanced pneumococcal-specific IgA in the nasal wash and IgG in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Immunization with r-SP enhanced -specific IgG, IgG1, and IgG2b in the serum. r-SP more potently induced the maturation of dendritic cells in the cervical lymph nodes than h-SP or f-SP. Interestingly, populations of follicular helper T cells and IL-4-producing cells were potently increased in cervical lymph nodes of r-SP-immunized mice. Collectively, r-SP could be an effective intranasal, inactivated whole-cell vaccine in that it elicits -specific antibody production and follicular helper T cell activation leading to protective immune responses against infection.
ISSN:2076-393X
2076-393X
DOI:10.3390/vaccines9040405