Mode-multiplexing deep-strong light-matter coupling

Dressing electronic quantum states with virtual photons creates exotic effects ranging from vacuum-field modified transport to polaritonic chemistry, and squeezing or entanglement of modes. The established paradigm of cavity quantum electrodynamics maximizes the light-matter coupling strength Ω R /...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature communications 2024-02, Vol.15 (1), p.1847-1847, Article 1847
Main Authors: Mornhinweg, Joshua, Diebel, Laura Katharina, Halbhuber, Maike, Prager, Michael, Riepl, Josef, Inzenhofer, Tobias, Bougeard, Dominique, Huber, Rupert, Lange, Christoph
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
142/126
639/624/400/1021
639/624/400/2797
639/624/400/3925
639/766/400/1103
Coupling
Design
Dipole moments
Excitation
Gold
Humanities and Social Sciences
Light
multidisciplinary
Multiplexing
Octaves
Photons
Polaritons
Quantum electrodynamics
Quantum wells
Rabi frequency
Resonant interactions
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Vacuum
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Summary:Dressing electronic quantum states with virtual photons creates exotic effects ranging from vacuum-field modified transport to polaritonic chemistry, and squeezing or entanglement of modes. The established paradigm of cavity quantum electrodynamics maximizes the light-matter coupling strength Ω R / ω c , defined as the ratio of the vacuum Rabi frequency and the frequency of light, by resonant interactions. Yet, the finite oscillator strength of a single electronic excitation sets a natural limit to Ω R / ω c . Here, we enter a regime of record-strong light-matter interaction which exploits the cooperative dipole moments of multiple, highly non-resonant magnetoplasmon modes tailored by our metasurface. This creates an ultrabroadband spectrum of 20 polaritons spanning 6 optical octaves, calculated vacuum ground state populations exceeding 1 virtual excitation quantum, and coupling strengths equivalent to Ω R / ω c = 3.19 . The extreme interaction drives strongly subcycle energy exchange between multiple bosonic vacuum modes akin to high-order nonlinearities, and entangles previously orthogonal electronic excitations solely via vacuum fluctuations. The authors show an original approach to achieve strong light-matter interaction harnessing the coupling between plasmonic resonators and the Landau resonances of an underlying quantum well, demonstrating remarkably high coupling strengths.
ISSN:2041-1723
2041-1723
DOI:10.1038/s41467-024-46038-9