Characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis at Abbassia Chest Hospital

Background Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a significant health concern. This study analyzes patients admitted to Abbassia Chest Hospital, focusing on their characteristics, drug resistance patterns, treatment outcomes, and risk factors for poor prognosis. Methods A retrospective...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2024-12, Vol.18 (1), p.97-11
Main Authors: Nofal, Ibrahim Mostafa Mohamed, AbdelHalim, Hesham Atef, Almaraghy, Ashraf Abbass, Awad, Amr Mohammed, Farrag, Mohamed Ali
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Cardiovascular disease
Clinical outcomes
Comorbidities
Critical Care Medicine
Data collection
Delayed sputum conversion
Diabetes
Drug resistance
Hepatitis
Hospitals
Hypertension
Intensive
Ischemia
Marital status
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis
Pneumology/Respiratory System
Risk factors
Side effects
Substance abuse treatment
Tuberculosis
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Summary:Background Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a significant health concern. This study analyzes patients admitted to Abbassia Chest Hospital, focusing on their characteristics, drug resistance patterns, treatment outcomes, and risk factors for poor prognosis. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 121 patients admitted to the MDR unit at Abbassia Chest Hospital. TB diagnosis was confirmed using sputum smear microscopy, microbiological culture and sensitivity testing, and molecular methods (GeneXpert). Patient data were extracted from hospital records for statistical analysis. Results The mean age of MDR-TB patients was 40 years, with 75.21% being male. Key risk factors included prior TB interrupted treatment, smoking, and contact with MDR-TB patients. Resistance rates exceeded 90% for cycloserine, ethionamide, pyrazinamide, and levofloxacin, while 71.9% were resistant to amoxicillin. Sputum conversion occurred in 95.04% of patients, with a mean conversion time of 2.21 ± 1.44 months. Successful treatment was achieved in 84.3% of cases, while 45.45% experienced side effects, the most common being hyperuricemia (28.1%), gastritis, and ototoxicity (11.57% each). Bad prognosis was associated with comorbidities like ischemic heart disease (OR 15.34, p  = 0.02) and delayed sputum conversion (OR 1.63/month, p  = 0.03). Side effects were not linked to bad outcomes. Conclusion While most MDR-TB patients achieved successful treatment outcomes, certain factors, such as comorbidities (particularly ischemic heart disease) and delayed sputum conversion, significantly contributed to bad prognosis.
ISSN:1687-8426
2314-8551
DOI:10.1186/s43168-024-00348-0