Twelve Weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training Alters Adipose Tissue Gene Expression but Not Oxylipin Levels in People with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2023-05, Vol.24 (10), p.8509
• Main Authors: Csader, Susanne, Ismaiah, Marsena Jasiel, Kuningas, Tiina, Heinäniemi, Merja, Suhonen, Janne, Männistö, Ville, Pentikäinen, Heikki, Savonen, Kai, Tauriainen, Milla-Maria, Galano, Jean-Marie, Lee, Jetty Chung-Yung, Rintamäki, Reeta, Karisola, Piia, El-Nezami, Hani, Schwab, Ursula
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adipocytes; Adipose tissue; Adipose Tissue - metabolism; Adipose tissues; Biopsy; Biosynthesis; Body fat; Body weight loss; Chain branching; Chemical Sciences; Cholesterol; Correlation analysis; Endocrinology and metabolism; Exercise; Exercise therapy; Fat metabolism; Fatty acids; Fatty liver; Female; Food and Nutrition; Gene Expression; Genes; Hemoglobin; High-Intensity Interval Training; Homeostasis; Human health and pathology; Humans; Hypotheses; Hypothesis testing; Inflammation; Insulin; Interval training; Life Sciences; Lipids; Liver; Liver - metabolism; Liver diseases; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolites; Morphology; Mortality; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - complications; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - genetics; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - therapy; Oxidative phosphorylation; Oxidative stress; Oxygen consumption; oxylipin; Phosphorylation; Physical activity; Physical fitness; Physiological aspects; Plasma; Prostaglandins; RNA; Type 2 diabetes; Weight Loss; Womens health
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108509

Lifestyle modifications, including increased physical activity and exercise, are recommended for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Inflamed adipose tissue (AT) contributes to the progression and development of NAFLD and oxylipins such as hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE), hydroxydocosahexanenoic acids (HDHA), prostaglandins (PEG ), and isoprostanoids (IsoP), which all may play a role in AT homeostasis and inflammation. To investigate the role of exercise without weight loss on AT and plasma oxylipin concentrations in NAFLD subjects, we conducted a 12-week randomized controlled exercise intervention. Plasma samples from 39 subjects and abdominal subcutaneous AT biopsy samples from 19 subjects were collected both at the beginning and the end of the exercise intervention. In the AT of women, a significant reduction of gene expression of hemoglobin subunits ( , , ) was observed within the intervention group during the 12-week intervention. Their expression levels were negatively associated with VO max and maxW. In addition, pathways involved in adipocyte morphology alterations significantly increased, whereas pathways in fat metabolism, branched-chain amino acids degradation, and oxidative phosphorylation were suppressed in the intervention group ( < 0.05). Compared to the control group, in the intervention group, the ribosome pathway was activated, but lysosome, oxidative phosphorylation, and pathways of AT modification were suppressed ( < 0.05). Most of the oxylipins (HETE, HDHA, PEG , and IsoP) in plasma did not change during the intervention compared to the control group. 15-F -IsoP significantly increased in the intervention group compared to the control group ( = 0.014). However, this oxylipin could not be detected in all samples. Exercise intervention without weight loss may influence the AT morphology and fat metabolism at the gene expression level in female NAFLD subjects.