Analyzing the Impact of Ungauged Hill Torrents on the Riverine Floods of the River Indus: A Case Study of Koh E Suleiman Mountains in the DG Khan and Rajanpur Districts of Pakistan

Floods are one of the most destructive natural hazards in Pakistan, causing significant damage. During monsoons, when westerly winds and concentrated rainfall occur in rivers’ catchments, floods become unmanageable. Given the limited resources of Pakistan, there has been minimal effort to quantify t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Resources (Basel) 2023-02, Vol.12 (2), p.26
Main Authors: Saleem, Maaz, Arfan, Muhammad, Ansari, Kamran, Hassan, Daniyal
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Catchments
Environment
Environmental aspects
Extreme values
Extreme weather
flash flooding
Flash floods
Flood control
Flood irrigation
Floods
frequency analysis
hill torrents
Hydrologic models
hydrological modeling
Hydrology
Impact analysis
Mann–Kendall
monsoon flooding
Mountains
Rainfall
Rivers
Runoff
Statistical analysis
Streamflow
Torrents
Water inflow
Watersheds
Wind
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Summary:Floods are one of the most destructive natural hazards in Pakistan, causing significant damage. During monsoons, when westerly winds and concentrated rainfall occur in rivers’ catchments, floods become unmanageable. Given the limited resources of Pakistan, there has been minimal effort to quantify the amount of rainfall and runoff generated by ungauged catchments. In this study, ten hill torrents in Koh e Suleiman (District Rajanpur and DG Khan), an area affected by flash flooding in 2022 due to extreme precipitation events, were investigated. The Hydrologic Engineering Centre’s Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS), a semi-distributed event-based hydrological model, was used to delineate streams and quantify runoff. Statistical analysis of the rainfall trends was performed using the non-parametric Gumbel extreme value analysis type I distribution, the Mann–Kendall test, and Sen’s slope. The results of the study show that the total inflow to the river Indus is 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, and 0.8 MAF for 25, 50, 100, and 200 years of return period rainfall, respectively. This study presents appropriate storage options with a retention potential of 0.14, 1.14, and 1.13 MAF based on an analysis of the hydrology of these hill torrents to enhance the spate irrigation potential as flood control in the future.
ISSN:2079-9276
2079-9276
DOI:10.3390/resources12020026