Vascular Endothelial Repair and the Influence of Circulating Antiplatelet Drugs in a Carotid Coil Model

Background: Clinicians may choose to administer antiplatelet medications to patients with cerebral aneurysms following endovascular coiling to prevent thrombus formation and vascular occlusion, if they fear a thrombus will form on the platinum wire where it diverges into the vessel from the aneurysm...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of central nervous system disease 2021, Vol.13, p.11795735211011786-11795735211011786
Main Authors: Fukawa, Norihito, Ueda, Takahiro, Ogoshi, Tomofumi, Kitazawa, Yasuhide, Takahashi, Jun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aneurysm
Aneurysms
Aspirin
Blood clots
Cardiovascular system
Carotid arteries
Carotid artery
Cerebral blood flow
Clopidogrel
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Drugs
Embolization
Endothelial cells
Endothelium
Endovascular coiling
Hyperplasia
Ischemia
Original Research
Platinum
Progenitor cells
Rodents
Statistical analysis
Stem cells
Thrombosis
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Summary:Background: Clinicians may choose to administer antiplatelet medications to patients with cerebral aneurysms following endovascular coiling to prevent thrombus formation and vascular occlusion, if they fear a thrombus will form on the platinum wire where it diverges into the vessel from the aneurysm sac. However, the mechanism by which vascular endothelial cells repair a vessel in the living body in the event of a coil deviation and the effects of antiplatelet drugs on these cells have not been fully elucidated. We aimed to investigate the association between endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and endothelium formation at the surface of the platinum coils deployed in the carotid artery of rats, and to determine the effects of different antiplatelet drugs on this process. Subjects and Methods: We established an experimental model using normal and diabetic rats at 12 months of age. The diabetic rats were assigned to 4 different diet groups, distinguished by whether they were fed plain rat feed, or the same feed supplemented by 1 of 3 antiplatelet drugs (cilostazol, aspirin, or clopidogrel: all 0.1%) for 2 weeks, and the carotid artery was perforated by an embolization coil (“carotid coil model”). We monitored the process by which vascular endothelial cells formed the new endothelium on the surface of the coil by sampling and evaluating the region at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after placement. This repair process was also compared among 3 groups treated with different antiplatelet drugs (i.e. aspirin, clopidogrel, and cilostazol). One-way analysis of variance tests were performed to evaluate the differences in vascular thickness between groups, and P 
ISSN:1179-5735
1179-5735
DOI:10.1177/11795735211011786