Sex difference in the associations among risk factors with gastroesophageal reflux disease in a large Taiwanese population study

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common global health issue. Previous studies have revealed a higher prevalence of GERD in females than in males, however few studies have investigated sex differences in the risk factors associated with GERD. Therefore, the aim of this population-based stu...

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Published in:BMC gastroenterology 2024-05, Vol.24 (1), p.165-165, Article 165
Main Authors: Lin, Chien-Chieh, Geng, Jiun-Hung, Wu, Pei-Yu, Huang, Jiun-Chi, Hu, Huang-Ming, Chen, Szu-Chia, Kuo, Chao-Hung
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Age
Age Factors
Aged
Alcohol
Alcohol Drinking - epidemiology
Blood Glucose - analysis
Blood pressure
Body mass index
Cholesterol
Chronic illnesses
Demographic aspects
Dextrose
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology
Diagnosis
Disease
Esophagus
Fasting
Female
Females
Gastroesophageal reflux
Gastroesophageal Reflux - epidemiology
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Gender differences
Glomerular filtration rate
Glucose
Glycosylated hemoglobin
Health aspects
Hemoglobin
High density lipoprotein
Humans
Hypertension
Hypertension - epidemiology
Low density lipoproteins
Male
Males
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Middle Aged
Population studies
Prevalence
Public health
Regression analysis
Review boards
Risk Factors
Sex difference
Sex differences
Sex Factors
Smoking
Smoking - epidemiology
Statistical analysis
Surveys
Taiwan - epidemiology
Taiwan Biobank
Triglycerides
Uric acid
Uric Acid - blood
World health
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container_title BMC gastroenterology
container_volume 24
creator Lin, Chien-Chieh
Geng, Jiun-Hung
Wu, Pei-Yu
Huang, Jiun-Chi
Hu, Huang-Ming
Chen, Szu-Chia
Kuo, Chao-Hung
description Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common global health issue. Previous studies have revealed a higher prevalence of GERD in females than in males, however few studies have investigated sex differences in the risk factors associated with GERD. Therefore, the aim of this population-based study was to examine sex differences in the risk factors for GERD in a large cohort of over 120,000 Taiwanese participants. We enrolled 121,583 participants (male: 43,698; female: 77,885; mean age 49.9 ± 11.0 years) from the Taiwan Biobank. The presence of GERD was ascertained using self-reported questionnaires. Sex differences in the risk factors associated with GERD were examined using multivariable logistic regression analysis. The overall prevalence of GERD was 13.7%, including 13.0% in the male participants and 14.1% in the female participants (p 
doi_str_mv 10.1186/s12876-024-03254-3
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Previous studies have revealed a higher prevalence of GERD in females than in males, however few studies have investigated sex differences in the risk factors associated with GERD. Therefore, the aim of this population-based study was to examine sex differences in the risk factors for GERD in a large cohort of over 120,000 Taiwanese participants. We enrolled 121,583 participants (male: 43,698; female: 77,885; mean age 49.9 ± 11.0 years) from the Taiwan Biobank. The presence of GERD was ascertained using self-reported questionnaires. Sex differences in the risk factors associated with GERD were examined using multivariable logistic regression analysis. The overall prevalence of GERD was 13.7%, including 13.0% in the male participants and 14.1% in the female participants (p &lt; 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that older age, hypertension, smoking history, alcohol history, low fasting glucose, and low uric acid were significantly associated with GERD in the male participants. In the female participants, older age, diabetes, hypertension, smoking history, alcohol history, low systolic blood pressure, low fasting glucose, high hemoglobin, high total cholesterol, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low uric acid were significantly associated with GERD. Significant interactions were found between sex and age (p &lt; 0.001), diabetes (p &lt; 0.001), smoking history (p &lt; 0.001), fasting glucose (p = 0.002), triglycerides (p = 0.001), HDL-C (p = 0.001), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.002) on GERD. Our results showed a higher prevalence of GERD among females compared to males. 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Previous studies have revealed a higher prevalence of GERD in females than in males, however few studies have investigated sex differences in the risk factors associated with GERD. Therefore, the aim of this population-based study was to examine sex differences in the risk factors for GERD in a large cohort of over 120,000 Taiwanese participants. We enrolled 121,583 participants (male: 43,698; female: 77,885; mean age 49.9 ± 11.0 years) from the Taiwan Biobank. The presence of GERD was ascertained using self-reported questionnaires. Sex differences in the risk factors associated with GERD were examined using multivariable logistic regression analysis. The overall prevalence of GERD was 13.7%, including 13.0% in the male participants and 14.1% in the female participants (p &lt; 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that older age, hypertension, smoking history, alcohol history, low fasting glucose, and low uric acid were significantly associated with GERD in the male participants. 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Geng, Jiun-Hung ; Wu, Pei-Yu ; Huang, Jiun-Chi ; Hu, Huang-Ming ; Chen, Szu-Chia ; Kuo, Chao-Hung</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c515t-708b83944542f69aee3d56e3bea751fbe2760aa19c928aa913af74029952ec843</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Age Factors</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Alcohol</topic><topic>Alcohol Drinking - epidemiology</topic><topic>Blood Glucose - analysis</topic><topic>Blood pressure</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>Cholesterol</topic><topic>Chronic illnesses</topic><topic>Demographic aspects</topic><topic>Dextrose</topic><topic>Diabetes mellitus</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology</topic><topic>Diagnosis</topic><topic>Disease</topic><topic>Esophagus</topic><topic>Fasting</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Females</topic><topic>Gastroesophageal reflux</topic><topic>Gastroesophageal Reflux - epidemiology</topic><topic>Gastroesophageal reflux disease</topic><topic>Gender differences</topic><topic>Glomerular filtration rate</topic><topic>Glucose</topic><topic>Glycosylated hemoglobin</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Hemoglobin</topic><topic>High density lipoprotein</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypertension</topic><topic>Hypertension - epidemiology</topic><topic>Low density lipoproteins</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Males</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Medicine, Experimental</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Population studies</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Regression analysis</topic><topic>Review boards</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Sex difference</topic><topic>Sex differences</topic><topic>Sex Factors</topic><topic>Smoking</topic><topic>Smoking - epidemiology</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Surveys</topic><topic>Taiwan - epidemiology</topic><topic>Taiwan Biobank</topic><topic>Triglycerides</topic><topic>Uric acid</topic><topic>Uric Acid - blood</topic><topic>World health</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lin, Chien-Chieh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Geng, Jiun-Hung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Pei-Yu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Jiun-Chi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Huang-Ming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Szu-Chia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuo, Chao-Hung</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Calcium &amp; 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Previous studies have revealed a higher prevalence of GERD in females than in males, however few studies have investigated sex differences in the risk factors associated with GERD. Therefore, the aim of this population-based study was to examine sex differences in the risk factors for GERD in a large cohort of over 120,000 Taiwanese participants. We enrolled 121,583 participants (male: 43,698; female: 77,885; mean age 49.9 ± 11.0 years) from the Taiwan Biobank. The presence of GERD was ascertained using self-reported questionnaires. Sex differences in the risk factors associated with GERD were examined using multivariable logistic regression analysis. The overall prevalence of GERD was 13.7%, including 13.0% in the male participants and 14.1% in the female participants (p &lt; 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that older age, hypertension, smoking history, alcohol history, low fasting glucose, and low uric acid were significantly associated with GERD in the male participants. In the female participants, older age, diabetes, hypertension, smoking history, alcohol history, low systolic blood pressure, low fasting glucose, high hemoglobin, high total cholesterol, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low uric acid were significantly associated with GERD. Significant interactions were found between sex and age (p &lt; 0.001), diabetes (p &lt; 0.001), smoking history (p &lt; 0.001), fasting glucose (p = 0.002), triglycerides (p = 0.001), HDL-C (p = 0.001), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.002) on GERD. Our results showed a higher prevalence of GERD among females compared to males. Furthermore, sex differences were identified in the risk factors associated with GERD, and older age, diabetes, smoking history, and low HDL-C were more closely related to GERD in females than in males.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BioMed Central Ltd</pub><pmid>38750425</pmid><doi>10.1186/s12876-024-03254-3</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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1471-230X
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subjects Adult
Age
Age Factors
Aged
Alcohol
Alcohol Drinking - epidemiology
Blood Glucose - analysis
Blood pressure
Body mass index
Cholesterol
Chronic illnesses
Demographic aspects
Dextrose
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology
Diagnosis
Disease
Esophagus
Fasting
Female
Females
Gastroesophageal reflux
Gastroesophageal Reflux - epidemiology
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Gender differences
Glomerular filtration rate
Glucose
Glycosylated hemoglobin
Health aspects
Hemoglobin
High density lipoprotein
Humans
Hypertension
Hypertension - epidemiology
Low density lipoproteins
Male
Males
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Middle Aged
Population studies
Prevalence
Public health
Regression analysis
Review boards
Risk Factors
Sex difference
Sex differences
Sex Factors
Smoking
Smoking - epidemiology
Statistical analysis
Surveys
Taiwan - epidemiology
Taiwan Biobank
Triglycerides
Uric acid
Uric Acid - blood
World health
title Sex difference in the associations among risk factors with gastroesophageal reflux disease in a large Taiwanese population study
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