Changes in Blood Metabolites and Immune Cells in Holstein and Jersey Dairy Cows by Heat Stress

Owing to increasing global temperatures, heat stress is a major problem affecting dairy cows, and abnormal metabolic responses during heat stress likely influence dairy cow immunity. However, the mechanism of this crosstalk between metabolism and immunity during heat stress remains unclear. We used...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Animals (Basel) 2021-03, Vol.11 (4), p.974
Main Authors: Joo, Sang Seok, Lee, Sang Jin, Park, Da Som, Kim, Dong Hyeon, Gu, Bon-Hee, Park, Yei Ju, Rim, Chae Yun, Kim, Myunghoo, Kim, Eun Tae
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biochemistry
Blood
CD11b antigen
CD4 antigen
Cholesterol
Crosstalk
Dairy cattle
Diet
Environmental changes
Environmental conditions
Feeds
Flow cytometry
Glucose
Heat
Heat stress
Heat tolerance
High temperature
Humidity
immune physiological changes
Immune response
Immune system
Leukocytes (mononuclear)
Livestock
Lymphocytes B
Metabolic response
Metabolism
Metabolites
Milk production
Monocytes
PBMC
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Physiology
Population changes
Populations
Respiration
Seasonal variations
Temperature effects
Thermal stress
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Summary:Owing to increasing global temperatures, heat stress is a major problem affecting dairy cows, and abnormal metabolic responses during heat stress likely influence dairy cow immunity. However, the mechanism of this crosstalk between metabolism and immunity during heat stress remains unclear. We used two representative dairy cow breeds, Holstein and Jersey, with distinct heat-resistance characteristics. To understand metabolic and immune responses to seasonal changes, normal environmental and high-heat environmental conditions, we assessed blood metabolites and immune cell populations. In biochemistry analysis from sera, we found that variety blood metabolites were decreased in both Holstein and Jersey cows by heat stress. We assessed changes in immune cell populations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using flow cytometry. There were breed-specific differences in immune-cell population changes. Heat stress only increased the proportion of B cells (CD4-CD21+) and heat stress tended to decrease the proportion of monocytes (CD11b+CD172a+) in Holstein cows. Our findings expand the understanding of the common and specific changes in metabolism and immune response of two dairy cow breeds under heat stress conditions.
ISSN:2076-2615
2076-2615
DOI:10.3390/ani11040974