On-chip petahertz electronics for single-shot phase detection

Attosecond science has demonstrated that electrons can be controlled on the sub-cycle time scale of an optical waveform, paving the way towards optical frequency electronics. However, these experiments historically relied on high-energy laser pulses and detection not suitable for microelectronic int...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature communications 2024-11, Vol.15 (1), p.10179-8, Article 10179
Main Authors: Ritzkowsky, Felix, Yeung, Matthew, Bebeti, Engjell, Gebert, Thomas, Matsuyama, Toru, Budden, Matthias, Mainz, Roland E., Cankaya, Huseyin, Berggren, Karl K., Rossi, Giulio Maria, Keathley, Phillip D., Kärtner, Franz X.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
639/624/400/1021
639/624/400/385
639/766/400/584
639/925/927/511
Antennas
Current carriers
Cycle time
Electric fields
Electronics
Emitters
Energy
Humanities and Social Sciences
Integration
Laser arrays
Lasers
multidisciplinary
Nanoantennas
Optical frequency
Plasmonics
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Waveforms
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Summary:Attosecond science has demonstrated that electrons can be controlled on the sub-cycle time scale of an optical waveform, paving the way towards optical frequency electronics. However, these experiments historically relied on high-energy laser pulses and detection not suitable for microelectronic integration. For practical optical frequency electronics, a system suitable for integration and capable of generating detectable signals with low pulse energies is needed. While current from plasmonic nanoantenna emitters can be driven at optical frequencies, low charge yields have been a significant limitation. In this work we demonstrate that large-scale electrically connected plasmonic nanoantenna networks, when driven in concert, enable charge yields sufficient for single-shot carrier-envelope phase detection at repetition rates exceeding tens of kilohertz. We not only show that limitations in single-shot CEP detection techniques can be overcome, but also demonstrate a flexible approach to optical frequency electronics in general, enabling future applications such as high sensitivity petahertz-bandwidth electric field sampling or logic-circuits. Characterisation of optical frequency electric fields and its integration within ultrafast currents in nanostructures is a crucial step for the development of petahertz electronics devices. Here the authors demonstrate singleshot measurement of the phase of a laser pulse with on-chip arrays of hundreds of metallic nanoantennas.
ISSN:2041-1723
2041-1723
DOI:10.1038/s41467-024-53788-z