The Effect of Temperature on the Development of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

The fall armyworm ( ) is a pest of tropical origin which recently invaded Africa, the Far East and Australia. Temperature, therefore, plays an important role in its invasion biology, since this pest does not go into diapause. The aim of this study was to determine the development rate of at differen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Insects (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2020-04, Vol.11 (4), p.228
Main Authors: Du Plessis, Hannalene, Schlemmer, Marie-Louise, Van den Berg, Johnnie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Butterflies & moths
degree-days
development
Developmental stages
Diapause
Eggs
fall armyworm
Food
Humidity
Insects
Larvae
Larval development
Life cycles
maize
Optimization
pest management
Pests
Spodoptera frugiperda
Sweetcorn
Temperature effects
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Summary:The fall armyworm ( ) is a pest of tropical origin which recently invaded Africa, the Far East and Australia. Temperature, therefore, plays an important role in its invasion biology, since this pest does not go into diapause. The aim of this study was to determine the development rate of at different temperatures and to calculate the number of degree-days (°D) required for each stage to complete its development. This study was conducted at five different temperatures-18, 22, 26, 30 and 32 ± 1 °C. Larvae were reared individually in Petri dishes with sweetcorn kernels provided as food. The development rate of increased linearly with increasing temperatures between 18 and 30 °C and larval survival was the highest between 26 and 30 °C. The optimal range for egg, larval and egg-to-adult development was between 26 and 30 °C. The optimum temperature with the fastest larval development rate and lowest mortality was at 30 °C. The pupal development period ranged between 7.82 and 30.68 days (32-18 °C). The minimum temperature threshold for egg and larva development was 13.01 and 12.12 °C, respectively, 13.06 °C for pupae and 12.57 °C for egg-to-adult development. Degree-day requirements for the development of the respective life cycle stages of were 35.68 ± 0.22 for eggs, 204.60 ± 1.23 °D for larvae, 150.54 ± 0.93 °D for pupae and 391.61 ± 1.42 °D for egg-to-adult development.
ISSN:2075-4450
2075-4450
DOI:10.3390/insects11040228