Prevalence of schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders in problem gambling: A systematic review and meta-analysis

High rates of psychiatric comorbidities have been found in people with problem gambling (PBG), including substance use, anxiety, and mood disorders. Psychotic disorders have received less attention, although this comorbidity is expected to have a significant impact on the course, consequences, and t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European Psychiatry 2024-09, Vol.67 (1), p.e56, Article e56
Main Authors: Corbeil, Olivier, Béchard, Laurent, Anderson, Élizabeth, Huot-Lavoie, Maxime, Desmeules, Charles, Bachand, Lauryann, Brodeur, Sébastien, Carmichael, Pierre-Hugues, Jacques, Christian, Solmi, Marco, Dorval, Michel, Giroux, Isabelle, Roy, Marc-André, Demers, Marie-France
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anxiety disorders
Comorbidity
Drug use
Emotional disorders
Gambling
Gambling - epidemiology
Gambling - psychology
Humans
Investigations
Mental disorders
Mental health
Meta-analysis
Mood disorders
Population
Prevalence
Psychosis
Psychotic Disorders - epidemiology
Quality of life
Review/Meta-analysis
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia - epidemiology
Software
Substance use disorder
Systematic review
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Summary:High rates of psychiatric comorbidities have been found in people with problem gambling (PBG), including substance use, anxiety, and mood disorders. Psychotic disorders have received less attention, although this comorbidity is expected to have a significant impact on the course, consequences, and treatment of PBG. This review aimed to estimate the prevalence of psychotic disorders in PBG. Medline (Ovid), EMBASE, PsycINFO (Ovid), CINAHL, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and ProQuest were searched on November 1, 2023, without language restrictions. Studies involving people with PBG and reporting the prevalence of schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for systematic reviews of prevalence data. The pooled prevalence of psychotic disorders was calculated using a random effects generalized linear mixed model and presented with forest plots. Of 1,271 records screened, 22 studies (  = 19,131) were included. The overall prevalence of psychotic disorders was 4.9% (95% CI, 3.6-6.5%,  = 88%). A lower prevalence was found in surveyed/recruited populations, compared with treatment-seeking individuals and register-based studies. No differences were found for factors such as treatment setting (inpatient/outpatient), diagnoses of psychotic disorders (schizophrenia only/other psychotic disorders), and assessment time frame (current/lifetime). The majority of included studies had a moderate risk of bias. These findings highlight the relevance of screening problem gamblers for schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders, as well as any other comorbid mental health conditions, given the significant impact such comorbidities can have on the recovery process.
ISSN:0924-9338
1778-3585
1778-3585
DOI:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.1777