Congenital anomalies associated with syndromic and non-syndromic cleft lip and palate

• Published in: JPRAS open 2017-12, Vol.14 (C), p.5-15
• Main Authors: Hadadi, A.I., Al Wohaibi, D., Almtrok, N., Aljahdali, N., AlMeshal, O., Badri, M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Cleft lip and palate; Congenital anomalies; Congenital heart disease; Syndromes
• ISSN: 2352-5878; 2352-5878
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jpra.2017.06.001

To evaluate our institution’s experience with cleft lip and palate patients and the associated syndromes and congenital anomalies. Retrospective cross-sectional hospital-based study. King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, a major tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study included all orofacial cleft (OC) cases treated at our institution between January 2008 and December 2014. All subtypes of OC classifications with gender distribution, frequency of associated congenital anomalies, syndromes, and the sequelae of OC including otitis media and aspiration pneumonia. The study included 196 patients. All OC cases were typical. Median (interquartile range) age was 9 (3–24) months, and 109/196 (56%) were male. Syndromic OC accounted for 38/196 (19%). The most common OC subtype was cleft palate (CP) in 78/196 (40%), followed by cleft-lip and palate in 67/196 (34%), and cleft-lip in 51/196 (26%). Congenital anomalies were diagnosed in 41/196 (21%) patients with congenital heart anomaly 24/41(58.5%), which was the commonest. Robin sequence was the most commonly associated clinical entity, seen in 25/196 (13%). Other syndromes identified included popliteal pterygium, Stickler, Apert, Dandy-Walker, Blepharo-cheilo-dontic, and Turner syndromes. OC subtypes differed significantly by congenital anomalies (χ2, p