The association between dietary phytochemical index and bacterial vaginosis risk: secondary analysis of case-control study

By studying the dietary habits of patients with bacterial vaginosis (BV) and the controls, we aim to find out whether the dietary intakes of phytochemicals could reduce the odds of BV. To the best of our knowledge, no study has ever examined the matter before. Therefore, we decided to conduct this s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of health, population and nutrition population and nutrition, 2024-08, Vol.43 (1), p.135-8, Article 135
Main Authors: Khademian, Aynaz, Noormohammadi, Morvarid, Moori, Mozhgan Hafizi, Makhtoomi, Maede, Esmaeilzadeh, Sedighe, Nouri, Mehran, Eslamian, Ghazaleh
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Bacterial vaginitis
Bacterial vaginosis
Case-Control Studies
Diet - statistics & numerical data
Dietary phytochemicals
Feeding Behavior
Female
Humans
Imipenem
Iran - epidemiology
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Middle Aged
Odds Ratio
Phytochemicals
Phytochemicals - administration & dosage
Phytonutrients
Risk Factors
Vaginosis
Vaginosis, Bacterial - epidemiology
Young Adult
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Summary:By studying the dietary habits of patients with bacterial vaginosis (BV) and the controls, we aim to find out whether the dietary intakes of phytochemicals could reduce the odds of BV. To the best of our knowledge, no study has ever examined the matter before. Therefore, we decided to conduct this secondary analysis of case-control study to examine the association between dietary phytochemicals and BV. This case-control study was conducted at the gynecological clinic of Imam Hossein Hospital using a convenience sampling method from November 2020 to June 2021. To diagnose BV, all participants underwent examination by a gynecologist, assessing the presence of 3 or 4 criteria from the Amsel criteria. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used. The phytochemical index was determined using McCarty's method. To assess the association between dietary phytochemical intake and the odds of BV, binary logistic regression was utilized. After adjusting for potential confounders, the association between phytochemical index and BV remained significant (odds ratio (OR) = 0.349, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.176-0.695, p-value = 0.003). Furthermore, each unit increase in fat intake was associated with higher odds of BV (OR = 1.008, 95% CI: 1.002-1.014, p-value = 0.006), and a positive family history of BV continued to show significantly increased odds of BV (OR = 3.442, 95% CI: 2.068-5.728, p-value 
ISSN:2072-1315
1606-0997
2072-1315
DOI:10.1186/s41043-024-00631-2