Enhancing Control of Leishmania infantum Infection: A Multi-Epitope Nanovaccine for Durable T-Cell Immunity

Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) is a growing health problem for which vaccination is a crucial tool for the control of disease. The successful development of an effective vaccine against this disease relies on eliciting a robust and enduring T-cell immune response involving the activation of CD4 Th1 and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Animals (Basel) 2024-02, Vol.14 (4), p.605
Main Authors: Hurtado-Morillas, Clara, Martínez-Rodrigo, Abel, Orden, José A, de Urbina-Fuentes, Laura, Mas, Alicia, Domínguez-Bernal, Gustavo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigens
canine leishmaniosis
Dogs
Homogenization
Infections
Infectious diseases
Leishmania infantum
LetiFend
multi-epitope peptide
Nanoparticles
Nanotechnology
nanovaccine
Parasites
Peptides
PLGA nanoparticles
Proteins
Vaccines
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Summary:Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) is a growing health problem for which vaccination is a crucial tool for the control of disease. The successful development of an effective vaccine against this disease relies on eliciting a robust and enduring T-cell immune response involving the activation of CD4 Th1 and CD8 T-cells. This study aimed to evaluate the immunogenicity and prophylactic efficacy of a novel nanovaccine comprising a multi-epitope peptide, known as HisDTC, encapsulated in PLGA nanoparticles against infection in the murine model. The encapsulation strategy was designed to enhance antigen loading and sustain release, ensuring prolonged exposure to the immune system. Our results showed that mice immunized with PLGA-encapsulated HisDTC exhibited a significant reduction in the parasite load in the liver and spleen over both short and long-term duration. This reduction was associated with a cellular immune profile marked by elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IFN-γ, and the generation of memory T cells. In conclusion, the current study establishes that PLGA-encapsulated HisDTC can promote effective and long-lasting T-cell responses against in the murine model. These findings underscore the potential utility of multi-epitope vaccines, in conjunction with appropriate delivery systems, as an alternative strategy for CanL control.
ISSN:2076-2615
2076-2615
DOI:10.3390/ani14040605