Improving the yield potential in maize by constructing the ideal plant type and optimizing the maize canopy structure

• Published in: Food and energy security 2021-11, Vol.10 (4), p.n/a
• Main Authors: Li, Rongfa, Zhang, Guoqiang, Liu, Guangzhou, Wang, Keru, Xie, Ruizhi, Hou, Peng, Ming, Bo, Wang, Zhigang, Li, Shaokun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agricultural production; Canopies; Canopy; canopy structure; Cereal crops; Corn; Crop growth; Crop yield; Crops; Cultivars; Food security; Growth rate; Interception; Irrigation; Leaf angle; Leaf area; Leaf area index; Leaves; Light; Light interception; Morphology; Photosynthesis; Plant cover; Population; Radiation; radiation utilization efficiency; Solar radiation; spring maize; Utilization; yield gap
• ISSN: 2048-3694; 2048-3694
• DOI: 10.1002/fes3.312

Understanding the impact of changes in the crop canopy on yield is important in order to meet future food demands. We designed a field experiment to investigate the relationships between crop‐related factors and yield gaps in maize to enhance crop yields from 2010 to 2018 in Qitai, China. Maize grain yields (n = 247) were divided into four yield ranges: 21 Mg ha−1 (n = 24). The characteristics of the maize canopy structure as well as the light interception, photosynthetic potential, and radiation utilization efficiency in these four yield ranges were analyzed. The canopy structure of treated fields with yields >21 Mg ha−1 had a higher leaf area index (7.2), lower ear ratio (0.39), longer internodes above the ear (20.1 cm), larger leaf orientation value (LOV) above the ear (48.6), smaller leaf angle above the ear (18°), and smaller LOV below the ear (36.0) when compared to the other treatments. These findings suggested that the yield gap is dependent on canopy structure, and the evolutionary trend also accounted for significant increases in post‐LAD (p