Cerebrospinal fluid levels of glial marker YKL-40 strongly associated with axonal injury in HIV infection

HIV-1 infects the central nervous system (CNS) shortly after transmission. This leads to a chronic intrathecal immune activation. YKL-40, a biomarker that mainly reflects activation of astroglial cells, has not been thoroughly investigated in relation to HIV. The objective of our study was to charac...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of neuroinflammation 2019-01, Vol.16 (1), p.16-16, Article 16
Main Authors: Hermansson, Linn, Yilmaz, Aylin, Axelsson, Markus, Blennow, Kaj, Fuchs, Dietmar, Hagberg, Lars, Lycke, Jan, Zetterberg, Henrik, Gisslén, Magnus
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Age
AIDS
Albumin
Antiretroviral drugs
Antiretroviral therapy
Astrocytes
biomarker
Biomarkers
Blood-brain barrier
brain
CD4 antigen
Central nervous system
Central nervous system diseases
Cerebrospinal fluid
Chronic infection
Complications and side effects
Dementia
Dementia disorders
Development and progression
Disease
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
expression
Glycoproteins
Health aspects
HIV
HIV infections
Human immunodeficiency virus
Immune response
Immunologi
Immunology
Infections
Inflammation
microglial activation
Multiple sclerosis
Neopterin
Nervous system
Neurofilament protein
neuronal injury
neuropathogenesis
Neurosciences
Neurosciences & Neurology
Neurovetenskaper
Pathogenesis
Patients
Physiological aspects
protein
Proteins
Ribonucleic acid
Risk factors
RNA
simian immunodeficiency virus
Systematic review
YKL-40
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Description
Summary:HIV-1 infects the central nervous system (CNS) shortly after transmission. This leads to a chronic intrathecal immune activation. YKL-40, a biomarker that mainly reflects activation of astroglial cells, has not been thoroughly investigated in relation to HIV. The objective of our study was to characterize cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) YKL-40 in chronic HIV infection, with and without antiretroviral treatment (ART). YKL-40, neopterin, and the axonal marker neurofilament light protein (NFL) were analyzed with ELISA in archived CSF samples from 120 HIV-infected individuals (85 untreated neuroasymptomatic patients, 7 with HIV-associated dementia, and 28 on effective ART) and 39 HIV-negative controls. CSF YKL-40 was significantly higher in patients with HIV-associated dementia compared to all other groups. It was also higher in untreated neuroasymptomatic individuals with CD4 cell count
ISSN:1742-2094
1742-2094
DOI:10.1186/s12974-019-1404-9