Effect of moisture on physical and mechanical properties of cassia

Cassia is one of the widely used spices in the Food Industry due to its preserving and flavoring qualities. Physico-mechanical properties of spices are crucial in the machine designing and processing operations. In this study, physical properties and hardness of cassia bark were determined at five m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cogent food & agriculture 2016-12, Vol.2 (1)
Main Authors: Ghodki, Bhupendra M., Goswami, T.K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminum
Angle of repose
Bark
Bulk density
cassia
Coefficient of friction
Confidence intervals
Diameters
Food industry
Food processing industry
Friction
Hardness
Hardness tests
Low carbon steels
Mechanical properties
Moisture
moisture content
Physical properties
Plywood
Porosity
Spices
Statistical analysis
true density
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Summary:Cassia is one of the widely used spices in the Food Industry due to its preserving and flavoring qualities. Physico-mechanical properties of spices are crucial in the machine designing and processing operations. In this study, physical properties and hardness of cassia bark were determined at five moisture levels, 6-14% dry basis (d.b.). The hardness test was performed along three orthogonal axes of the cassia bark using a texture analyzer. The size of the cassia viz., length (34.79 mm), width (13.79 mm), thickness (2.84 mm), geometric mean diameter (11.13 mm), and sphericity (0.32) were examined at 11.10% d.b. moisture level. Bulk density (238.66-255.86 kg m −3 ), true density (691.82-795.13 kg m −3 ), porosity (65.50-67.82%), angle of repose (39.42-42.78°), and static coefficients of friction of cassia bark increased linearly with an increase in moisture. Moreover, static coefficients of friction ranged from 0.59 to 0.67, 0.50 to 0.66, and 0.48 to 0.56 for mild steel, plywood and aluminium surface, respectively. The hardness showed a linear decrease along each orthogonal axis with the rise in moisture and ranged from 48 to 211 N. Hardness was highest for the minor axis followed by major and intermediate axis at all the moisture levels. The results were statistical significance at (P ≤ 0.05) 95% confidence interval.
ISSN:2331-1932
2331-1932
DOI:10.1080/23311932.2016.1192975