Development of Virtual Inertia Control with State-of-Charge Recovery Strategy Using Coordinated Secondary Frequency Control for Optimized Battery Capacity in Isolated Low Inertia Grid

Integrating renewable energy through inverter-based generators has decreased the power system’s inertia. Reduced inertia may lead to frequency instability during power imbalance disturbances, particularly in an isolated power system with limited inertia. The Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Energies (Basel) 2023-07, Vol.16 (14), p.5463
Main Authors: Jufri, Fauzan Hanif, Jung, Jaesung, Sudiarto, Budi, Garniwa, Iwa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alternative energy sources
battery energy storage system (BESS)
Control algorithms
Control systems
Economic aspects
Electric power
Electricity distribution
Emulation
Energy industry
Energy resources
Energy storage
Inertia
isolated grid
low inertia
Methods
Renewable resources
secondary frequency control
virtual inertia
Wind power
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Summary:Integrating renewable energy through inverter-based generators has decreased the power system’s inertia. Reduced inertia may lead to frequency instability during power imbalance disturbances, particularly in an isolated power system with limited inertia. The Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) and a virtual inertia (VI) emulation control system have become popular to mitigate this issue. Nonetheless, the BESS utilization for VI emulation is highly dependent on the availability of BESS capacity, which may affect the energy cost. Therefore, developing a VI emulation control strategy that requires less energy and can recover the state of charge (SoC) to a desired level to optimize BESS utilization is required. This paper proposes a VI control with an SoC recovery strategy through coordination with the generators’ secondary frequency control. Instead of relying on the frequency, such as in the conventional approach, the controlled signal of the generators’ secondary frequency control also includes the VI power and BESS SoC. Hence, the generators can contribute to lowering the VI required energy and recovering the BESS SoC. The results show that the proposed method outperforms the conventional method by requiring around 36% lower energy and the ability to maintain the BESS SoC.
ISSN:1996-1073
1996-1073
DOI:10.3390/en16145463