Surface Topography, Microbial Adhesion, and Immune Responses in Silicone Mammary Implant-Associated Capsular Fibrosis

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2024-03, Vol.25 (6), p.3163
• Main Authors: Schoberleitner, Ines, Baier, Leoni, Lackner, Michaela, Zenz, Lisa-Maria, Coraça-Huber, Débora C, Ullmer, Wendy, Damerum, Annabelle, Faserl, Klaus, Sigl, Stephan, Steinkellner, Theresia, Winkelmann, Selina, Sarg, Bettina, Egle, Daniel, Brunner, Christine, Wolfram, Dolores
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: acute wound proteome; Anti-Infective Agents; Antibiotics; Antimicrobial agents; antimicrobial humoral response; Bacteria; Bacterial infections; Biofilms; Breast cancer; Breast implants; Breast Implants - adverse effects; Breast Neoplasms - surgery; Cancer therapies; chronic wound proteome; Computer software industry; Extracellular matrix; Female; Fibroblasts; Fibrosis; foreign body response (FBR); Humans; Immune response; Immune system; implant-based breast reconstruction; Infections; Inflammation; Lymphoma; Mammaplasty; Mass spectrometry; Mastectomy; Mediation; Patients; Proteins; Proteome; Radiation; RNA; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics; Silicones; SMI surface roughness; Surgery; Topography; Wound healing
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms25063163

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women globally, often necessitating mastectomy and subsequent breast reconstruction. Silicone mammary implants (SMIs) play a pivotal role in breast reconstruction, yet their interaction with the host immune system and microbiome remains poorly understood. This study investigates the impact of SMI surface topography on host antimicrobial responses, wound proteome dynamics, and microbial colonization. Biological samples were collected from ten human patients undergoing breast reconstruction with SMIs. Mass spectrometry profiles were analyzed for acute and chronic wound proteomes, revealing a nuanced interplay between topography and antimicrobial response proteins. sequencing assessed microbiome dynamics, unveiling topography-specific variations in microbial composition. Surface topography alterations influenced wound proteome composition. Microbiome analysis revealed heightened diversity around rougher SMIs, emphasizing topography-dependent microbial invasion. In vitro experiments confirmed staphylococcal adhesion, growth, and biofilm formation on SMI surfaces, with increased texture correlating positively with bacterial colonization. This comprehensive investigation highlights the intricate interplay between SMI topography, wound proteome dynamics, and microbial transmission. The findings contribute to understanding host-microbe interactions on SMI surfaces, essential for optimizing clinical applications and minimizing complications in breast reconstruction.