Allergen-specific immunoglobulin E and interleukin 33 in atopic dermatitis

• Published in: Przegląd dermatologiczny 2019-01, Vol.106 (3), p.257-267
• Main Authors: Bernacka, Małgorzata, Liszewska, Agata, Robak, Ewa, Woźniacka, Anna, Bogaczewicz, Jarosław
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: allergen; atopic dermatitis; Cytokines; Dermatitis; Eczema; immunoglobulin e; Immunoglobulins; interleukin-33
• ISSN: 0033-2526; 2084-9893
• DOI: 10.5114/dr.2019.86908

Introduction The pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis includes genetic predisposition, epidermal barrier dysfunction, immunologic abnormalities and increased immunoglobulin E levels in some of the patients. Objective Determination the allergen-specific immunoglobulin E level and serum interleukin-33 concentration in patients with atopic dermatitis. Material and methods The study included 62 patients with atopic dermatitis at the mean age of 30.4 ±11.6 years. Clinical eveluation of the SCORAD index and the objective SCORAD (oSCORAD) was performed. Serum samples were analyzed for immunoglobulin E specific allergy using immunoblot kits for 21 allergens of atopy. Serum concentration of interleukin-33 was examined by ELISA. Results The SCORAD index was higher (p < 0.05) in atopic dermatitis patients with immunoglobulin E specific to birch, dog fur, horse fur, Cladosporium herbarum, egg white, hazelnut, carrot, and potato than in those without such allergen-specific immunoglobulin E. Objective SCORAD was increased (p < 0.05) in atopic dermatitis patients with immunoglobulin E specific to birch, dog fur, Cladosporium herbarum, egg white, hazelnut, carrot, and potato in comparison to those without such allergen-specific immunoglobulin E. Mean serum concentration of interleukin-33 in patients with atopic dermatitis was 4.9 ±8.12 pg/ml. Serum interleukin-33 level did not correlate with such clinical parameters as the extent of skin lesions, pruritus, sleep disorders, SCORAD index and objective SCORAD. Interleukin-33 level was not higher in atopic dermatitis patients with immunoglobulin E specific to any examined antigen in comparison to those without such immunoglobulin E. Conclusions Our study suggests that interleukin-33 is not a reliable marker of activity in atopic dermatitis. Further studies are necessary to confirm this hypothesis.